Preparing code for Php 7 workshop
1 like936 views
The document outlines a workshop led by Damien Seguy focusing on the migration to PHP 7.1, detailing the challenges of backward incompatibilities, new features, and best practices for code migration. It introduces various tools and methods for static code analysis, linting, and error handling, emphasizing the importance of understanding code changes and the phases of migration. Additionally, it highlights deprecated features and syntax changes in PHP 7.1, providing examples and resources for effective code adaptation.
![Grep on PHP code
1318 reports
doc/_ext/configext.py: parts = text.split("']['")
js/codemirror/lib/codemirror.js: var change = {from: pos, to: pos, text: splitLines(t
po/zh_CN.po:"example: address can be split into street, city, country and
libraries/Advisor.php: public static function splitJustification($rule)
libraries/plugins/ImportCsv.php: $tmp = preg_split('/,( ?)/', $csv_columns);
libraries/Config.php: // split file to lines](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-34-320.jpg)
![8.506s 3 results 27 analysis
php ~/.composer/vendor/bin/php7cc library/
File: /Users/famille/Desktop/analyze/library/Analyzer/Analyzer.php
> Line 231: Function argument(s) returned by "func_get_args" might have been modified
func_get_args();
File: /Users/famille/Desktop/analyze/library/Analyzer/Functions/MarkCallable.php
> Line 32: Nested by-reference foreach loop, make sure there is no iteration over the same array
foreach ($lists as $id => &$function) {
}
File: /Users/famille/Desktop/analyze/library/Tasks/Analyze.php
> Line 118: Possible adding to array on the last iteration of a by-reference foreach loop
$dependencies[$v] = $dep;
Checked 873 files in 8.506 seconds](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-40-320.jpg)
![Preg_replace and /e
• preg_replace(‘/ /e’, ‘evaled code’, $haystack)
• replaced by
• preg_replace_callback_array()
preg_replace(‘/ /e’, ‘evaled code’, $haystack)
preg_replace_callback_array([‘/ /’ => $closure],
$haystack)
preg_replace_callback(‘/ /’,
$closure],
$haystack)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-61-320.jpg)
![preg_replace_callback_array
<?php
$code = "abbbb";
$spec = 'c';
echo preg_replace_callback_array(
array(
"/a/" => function($matches) {
return strtoupper($matches[0]);
},
"/b/" => function($matches) use ($spec) {
static $i = 0;
$i++;
return "B$i$spec";
}
), $code);
AB1cB2cB3cB4c](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-62-320.jpg)
![Negative string offset (7.1)
• Upgraded to Fatal error
<?php
$string = "abcde";
print $string[-3];
print "$string[3]";
print "$string[-2]";
c
d
Parse error: syntax error, unexpect
(T_STRING) or variable (T_VARIABLE)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-89-320.jpg)
![PHP 7.1 : list() with keys =>
<?php
$array = ['a' => 1, 'b' => 5, 'c' => 3];
// Assigns to $a, $b and $c in the same order
list($a, $b, $c) = $array;
// Assigns to $a, $b and $c from the keys
//"a", "b" and "c", respectively
list("a" => $a, "c" => $c, "b" => $b) = $array;
list("a" => $a, "b" => $b, "c" => $c) = $array;
list("c" => $c, "a" => $a, "b" => $b) = $array;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-90-320.jpg)
![Short syntax for list()
<?php
$array = ['a' => 1, 'b' => 5, 'c' => 3];
["a" => $a, "b" => $b, "c" => $c] = $array;
// Works even when nested
$array = [['a' => 1, 'b' => 5], ['c' => 3]];
[["a" => $a, "b" => $b], ["c" => $c]] = $array;](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-91-320.jpg)
![func_get_arg()
• func_get_arg() and func_get_args() now return current argument values
<?php
function foo($a, $b, $c) {
print_r(func_get_args());
++$a;
print_r(func_get_args());
}
foo(1,2,3);
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
)
Array
(
[0] => 2
[1] => 2
[2] => 3
)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-97-320.jpg)
![Usort()
<?php
$array = array(
'foo',
'bar',
'php'
);
usort($array, function($a, $b) {
return 0;
}
);
print_r($array);
Array
(
[0] => php
[1] => bar
[2] => foo
)
Array
(
[0] => foo
[1] => bar
[2] => php
)
PHP 5
PHP 7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-98-320.jpg)
![Don't hide in parentheses
<?php
function getArray() {
return [1, 2, 3];
}
function squareArray(array &$a) {
foreach ($a as &$v) {
$v **= 2;
}
}
// Generates a warning in PHP 7.
squareArray((getArray()));
?>
• Parenthesis in
arguments won't
mask error anymore](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-104-320.jpg)
![Constant arrays
• Lots of properties should be constants
<?php
class Version {
const SUPPORTED = ['1.0', '1.1', '2.0', '2.1'];
private $an_array = [1,2,3,4];
public function isSupported($x) {
return isset(Version::SUPPORTED[$x]);
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-105-320.jpg)
![Foreach update the actual array
<?php
$array = [0];
foreach ($array as $k => &$val) {
print "$kn";
$array[] = 1;
}
?>
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0
PHP 5 PHP 7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-107-320.jpg)
![session_start($options)
<?php
// PHP 5.6
ini_set('session.name','session');
ini_set('session.gc_probability',1);
ini_set('session.gc_divisor',1);
session_start();
// PHP 7.0
session_start(['name' => 'session',
'gc_probability' => 1,
'gc_divisor' => 1 ]
);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-111-320.jpg)
![Null-coalesce
• Shorter way to give a test for NULL and failover
<?php
// PHP 5.6
$x = $_GET['x'] === null ? 'default' : $_GET['x'];
// PHP 7.0
$x = $_GET['x'] ?? 'default';
?>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/php7complianceworkshopphpconpoland-161003054256/85/Preparing-code-for-Php-7-workshop-115-320.jpg)
Preparing code for Php 7 workshop
- 1. Preparing for PHP 7.1 workshop Damien Seguy @exakat Warsaw, Poland, October 2016
- 2. Full ahead to PHP 7. 1 • Changing version is always a big challenge • Backward incompatibilities • New features • Learn, spot, fix, repeat 0
- 3. Speaker • Damien Seguy • CTO at exakat • Static code analysis for PHP
- 4. Synopsis • What is in the next version ? • Where in my code ? • How to replace this ? • Get documentation • Find issue • Fix code
- 5. Migration to PHP 7.1 • Migration to PHP 7.0, 7.1 and 7.2 / 8.0 • From PHP 5.6 • No framework, no libraries • Tools, experience, discipline
- 6. Destination
- 7. Living on the edge • http://php.net/manual/en/migration70.php • Online • UPGRADING TO PHP 7 • Free Book, PDF • Davey Shafik is RM for PHP 7.1 • Lots of blogs and articles
- 8. Living on the bleeding edge https://github.com/php/php-src/blob/master/ UPGRADING https://github.com/php/php-src/blob/master/NEWS https://wiki.php.net/rfc http://bugs.php.net/
- 14. • PHP has 3 phases • syntax • definitions • execution Where does code break? Checked with phplint Checked with tests Checked code review
- 15. <?php function splitNames($fullname, $fullname) { list($first, $last) = split($fullname, ' '); } ?> Where will code break? SyntaxDefinitionsExecution
- 16. Tools for migration • Your own experience with your code • Lint • Search • Static analysis • Logs
- 17. Linting PHP 7
- 18. PHP linting • command line : php -l filename.php • Spot parse errors • Works on files only : • For directories, see composer phplint/phplint
- 19. PHP linting Error messages in PHP 0 550 1100 1650 2200 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 7.0 7.1 7.2 Total Distinct
- 21. Code focused on current versions
- 23. Redefinition of parameter <?php function foo($a, $a, $a) { print $a."n"; } foo('x', 'y', 'z'); ?>
- 24. Switch statements only contain one default clause <?php switch($x) { case '1' : break; default : break; default : break; case '2' : break; }
- 25. Switch statements may only contain one default clause switch($x) { case 1 : break; case 0+1 : break; case '1' : break; case true : break; case 1.0 : break; case $y : break; }
- 26. Deprecated features • Not happening if a parent case has a __constructor() • Not happening if the class is in a namespace • Use the E_DEPRECATED error level while in DEV Methods with the same name as their class will not be constructors in a future version of PHP; foo has a deprecated constructor
- 27. php -l with other versions • syntax error, unexpected 'new' (T_NEW) • Assigning the return value of new by reference is deprecated (PHP 5.6) • PHP 7 -> PHP 5.6 $o =& new Stdclass();
- 28. Migration to PHP 7.1 • Lint with • PHP 7.1 • PHP 7.2 (or src) • PHP 5.6 (current), PHP 7.0 • PHP 5.5, 5.4,… (manual)
- 29. PHP 7 linting • Pre-commit • Use different versions • Be ruthless with unlintable files
- 30. • PHP has 3 phases • syntax • definitions • execution Where does code break? Checked with phplint Checked with tests Checked code review
- 31. Static analysis
- 32. Presentation • Review code without executing it • Common in C/C++, Java, Javascript • Hot subject coming to PHP
- 33. GREP/SEARCH • Any searching facility • Pro : High speed, great for keyword search, universal • Cons : Little repeat value, no PHP semantics
- 34. Grep on PHP code 1318 reports doc/_ext/configext.py: parts = text.split("']['") js/codemirror/lib/codemirror.js: var change = {from: pos, to: pos, text: splitLines(t po/zh_CN.po:"example: address can be split into street, city, country and libraries/Advisor.php: public static function splitJustification($rule) libraries/plugins/ImportCsv.php: $tmp = preg_split('/,( ?)/', $csv_columns); libraries/Config.php: // split file to lines
- 35. Static analysis PHP 5 / 7 Calisthenics ClearPHP Performance
- 36. Static analysis tools PHP7mar PHP7cc Phan Exakat PHP inspections
- 37. PHP7mar • PHP 7 Migration Assistant Report (MAR) • Alexia : https://github.com/Alexia/php7mar • Works with regex • Produces a .md file
- 38. 12 results
- 39. PHP7cc • PHP 7 Compatibility Checker • Authored by sstalle • https://github.com/sstalle/php7cc • PHP 5, works with "nikic/php-parser": "~1.4" • Display to stdout
- 40. 8.506s 3 results 27 analysis php ~/.composer/vendor/bin/php7cc library/ File: /Users/famille/Desktop/analyze/library/Analyzer/Analyzer.php > Line 231: Function argument(s) returned by "func_get_args" might have been modified func_get_args(); File: /Users/famille/Desktop/analyze/library/Analyzer/Functions/MarkCallable.php > Line 32: Nested by-reference foreach loop, make sure there is no iteration over the same array foreach ($lists as $id => &$function) { } File: /Users/famille/Desktop/analyze/library/Tasks/Analyze.php > Line 118: Possible adding to array on the last iteration of a by-reference foreach loop $dependencies[$v] = $dep; Checked 873 files in 8.506 seconds
- 41. PHAN • Static analysis for PHP • Inited by Rasmus, under work at Etsy • https://github.com/etsy/phan • PHP 7 only, with ext/ast • php ~/.composer/vendor/bin/phan -f phan.in -3 vendor - o phan.out
- 43. 11.244s 333 results PhanUndeclaredProperty Reference to undeclared property processed PhanUndeclaredProperty Reference to undeclared property stdclass->results PhanNonClassMethodCall Call to method relateTo on non-class type null PhanStaticCallToNonStatic Static call to non-static method loadercypher::saveTokenCounts() defined at library//L PhanAccessPropertyProtected Cannot access protected property tokenizertoken::$alternativeEnding PhanTypeMismatchArgument Argument 1 (atom) is string but analyzerstructuresuseconstant::atomfunctionis() t PhanUndeclaredClassMethod Call to method __construct from undeclared class reportsxmlwriter PhanUndeclaredVariable Variable $r is undeclared 84 analysis
- 44. Exakat • Static analysis engine for PHP • https://github.com/exakat/exakat • PHP 5.2 to 7.2; Uses Neo4j 2.3 and Gremlin 3 • php exakat.phar project -p name
- 45. 20 mins6798 results260 analysis
- 46. PHP inspections Static analysis engine for within the IDE Vladimir Reznichenko https://bitbucket.org/kalessil/phpinspectionsea Written in Java Runs from within PHPstorm
- 48. Write your own? • https://github.com/exakat/php-static-analysis-tools.git • PHP 7 : use ext/ast • PHP 5 :"nikic/php-parser" • Avoid regex (but it does work)
- 49. PHP 7 : what changes? • Incompatible changes • New features • Features/Incompatibilities from PHP 5.6 => 7.2
- 50. How to spot issues? • Code knowledge • lint • Grep / Search • Static analysis • Logs / error_reporting • Unit Tests What to replace them with ?
- 52. Incompatibilities • Removed features • Added features • Collateral damages
- 53. Removed features
- 54. Removed extensions • Extensions • ereg • mssql • mysql • sybase_ct • mcrypt (7.1)
- 55. Removed extensions • ext/ereg • ereg • ereg_replace • split • sql_regcase
- 56. Removed functions • call_user_method() • call_user_method_array() • Repleacable by $funcname • Replaced by call_user_func() and call_user_func_array() • Partially replaced by variadic
- 57. Removed variables • $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA • Replace it by php://input • php://input is now reusable • Since PHP 5.5
- 58. Removed INI • sql.safe_mode (PHP 7.2) • mbstring.internal_encoding • mbstring.http_output • mbstring.http_input • iconv.internal_encoding • iconv.input_encoding • iconv.output_encoding default_charset }
- 59. default_charset • htmlentities() • PHP 5.3 : ISO-8859-1 • PHP 5.4 : UTF-8 • PHP 5.6 : default_charset (also UTF 8)
- 60. Where to look for ? • default_charset • Search for ini_set, ini_get, ini_get_all, ini_restore, get_cfg_var • Search in php.ini, .htaccess • Search for htmlentities(), html_entity_decode() and htmlspecialchars()
- 61. Preg_replace and /e • preg_replace(‘/ /e’, ‘evaled code’, $haystack) • replaced by • preg_replace_callback_array() preg_replace(‘/ /e’, ‘evaled code’, $haystack) preg_replace_callback_array([‘/ /’ => $closure], $haystack) preg_replace_callback(‘/ /’, $closure], $haystack)
- 64. mb_eregi?_replace also drops /e in 7.2 <?php $code = "abcde"; echo preg_replace( array( '/a/', '/b/'), array( 'f' , 'g'), $code); fgcde
- 65. Can't call dynamically! • $func() • call_user_func() • array_map() • or similar • extract() • compact() • get_defined_vars() • func_get_args() • func_get_arg() • func_num_args() • parse_str() with one argument • mb_parse_str() with one argument • assert() with a string argument
- 66. Added features
- 67. Added definitions Functions Classes Constants 5.3 40 2 80 5.4 0 9 78 5.5 12 11 57 5.6 1 10 10 7.0 10 10 41 7.1 7 2 15 7.2 0 0 0 Total 766 92 1163
- 68. Name impact • get_resources(), intdiv(), is_iterable(), mb_scrub() • PREG_JIT_STACKLIMIT_ERROR • class Date (from PHP 5.1) • Error (new class in PHP 7)
- 69. New functions • intdiv() • get_resources() • random_bytes(), random_int() • error_clear_last() • gc_mem_caches() • preg_replace_callback_array()
- 70. Collaterals
- 71. Invalid octals are invalid • Upgraded from silent to Fatal error PHP Parse error: Invalid numeric literal in test.php <?php $x = 0890;
- 72. More invalid octals in strings <?php var_dump("000" === "400"); • PHP 7.1 https://wiki.php.net/rfc/octal.overload-checking
- 73. Invalid numeric are signaled PHP 7.1 Notice: A non well formed numeric value encountered in <?php echo "1 monkey" + "2 bananas";
- 74. More reserved keywords • bool, int, float, string, null, true, false are no more available for class / interface / traits names mixed, numeric, object, resource are reserved for future use void is reserved in 7.1
- 75. More relaxed keywords • Almost all PHP keywords are now authorized inside classes • Methods and constants • Except for class, which can't be a class constant name. <?php class foo { const instanceof = 1; function use() { $this->while(4) + foo::instanceof; } }
- 76. More strict keywords • $this is not available anymore • Not as argument • Not as variable • Not as global • Not as static • Not as property • Not as reference • Not via extract() <?php function foo($this) { echo $this; }
- 77. Strings may be invalid • Upgraded to Fatal error <?php echo "u{1F418}n"; > php56 test.php u{1F418} > php70 test.php 🐘 <?php echo "niu{119} mu{f3}wiu{119} pu{f3} po u{142}u{15b}"; //nię mówię pó połśku
- 78. Strings may be invalid • Upgraded to Fatal error <?php echo "u{Yes}n"; PHP Parse error: Invalid UTF-8 codepoint escape sequence in test.php on line 3 u{
- 79. Hexadecimal numeric strings • Also, -0 !! <?php var_dump(1 + 0xf); var_dump(1 + "0xf"); $ php56 test.php int(16) int(16) $ php70 test.php int(16) int(1)
- 80. Warning for strings (7.1) Upgraded to Fatal error <?php print "2" + "4"; print "3 elephpants" + "4 dolphins"; print "2" + "d4 d"; 6 7 2 Warning: A non-numeric value encountered
- 81. Exceptions • Upgraded to Fatal error Throwable Exception LogicException RuntimeException BadFunctionCall Exception BadMethodCall Exception DomainException InvalidArgument Exception OutOfRange Exception OutOfBou ndsExcep tion Overflow Exception RangeExcep tion Error ParseError DivisionBy ZeroError Assertion Error
- 82. Exceptions • Exception is not the top exception type anymore • It is now the 'throwable' interface • Impact on Exception handler • Avoid type hinting until moved to PHP 7 • Impact on Error handler • Impact on catch() clauses
- 83. More catching exceptions • Parser errors now throw a ParseError object. Error handling for eval() <?php try { eval($somePHPcode); } catch( ParseError $e) { log($e->getMessage()); // attempt to fix this or error handling }
- 84. More catching exceptions Parser errors now throw a ParseError object. Error handling for eval() <?php try { $file = new finfo(FILEINFO_NONE,$magic_file); } catch( ParseError $e) { log($e->getMessage()); // attempt to fix this or error handling }
- 85. And more catching exceptions Parser errors now throw a ParseError object. Error handling for eval() <?php try { $random = random_bytes(10); } catch( TypeError $e) { // invalid parameter } catch( Error $e) { // invalid length } catch( Exception $e) { // no source of randomness }
- 86. Even more catching exceptions <?php try { attemptSomething(); } catch (RuntimeException $e) { fixSomething(); } catch (InvalidArgumentException $e) { fixSomething(); } catch (BadFunctioncallException $e) { fixSomethingElse(); }
- 87. Even more catching exceptions Federate error catching in catch clause <?php try { attemptSomething(); } catch (RuntimeException| InvalidArgumentException| BadFunctioncallException $e) { fixSomething(); }
- 88. Even more catching exceptions <?php //try really harder try { attemptSomething(); } catch (Exception $e) { attemptSomething(); }
- 89. Negative string offset (7.1) • Upgraded to Fatal error <?php $string = "abcde"; print $string[-3]; print "$string[3]"; print "$string[-2]"; c d Parse error: syntax error, unexpect (T_STRING) or variable (T_VARIABLE)
- 90. PHP 7.1 : list() with keys => <?php $array = ['a' => 1, 'b' => 5, 'c' => 3]; // Assigns to $a, $b and $c in the same order list($a, $b, $c) = $array; // Assigns to $a, $b and $c from the keys //"a", "b" and "c", respectively list("a" => $a, "c" => $c, "b" => $b) = $array; list("a" => $a, "b" => $b, "c" => $c) = $array; list("c" => $c, "a" => $a, "b" => $b) = $array;
- 91. Short syntax for list() <?php $array = ['a' => 1, 'b' => 5, 'c' => 3]; ["a" => $a, "b" => $b, "c" => $c] = $array; // Works even when nested $array = [['a' => 1, 'b' => 5], ['c' => 3]]; [["a" => $a, "b" => $b], ["c" => $c]] = $array;
- 92. Call-time pass-by-reference • References are in the function signature • Deprecated warnings until PHP 7 • Upgraded to Parse error in PHP 7 <?php $a = 3; function f($b) { $b++; } f(&$a); print $a; ?> PHP Parse error: syntax error, unexpected '&' in …
- 93. Incompatible context <?php class A { function f() { echo get_class($this); } } A::f(); ?> Notice: Undefined variable: $this inA Deprecated: Non-static methodA::f() should not be called statically Notice: Undefined variable: $this inA
- 94. Easy to spot • Use the E_DEPRECATED or strict while in DEV Strict Standards: Non-static method A::f() should not be called statically in test.php on line 6 Deprecated: Non-static method A::f() should not be called statically in test.php on line 6
- 95. Changed behavior
- 96. Changed behavior • Indirect expressions
- 97. func_get_arg() • func_get_arg() and func_get_args() now return current argument values <?php function foo($a, $b, $c) { print_r(func_get_args()); ++$a; print_r(func_get_args()); } foo(1,2,3); Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 ) Array ( [0] => 2 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 )
- 98. Usort() <?php $array = array( 'foo', 'bar', 'php' ); usort($array, function($a, $b) { return 0; } ); print_r($array); Array ( [0] => php [1] => bar [2] => foo ) Array ( [0] => foo [1] => bar [2] => php ) PHP 5 PHP 7
- 99. Automatically fixed It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are required to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier.
- 100. New features
- 101. New features • Breaks backward compatibility sometimes • FUD • Search for places to apply them like for incompatibilities
- 102. New features • Fixing • Modernization • New features
- 103. Fixing
- 104. Don't hide in parentheses <?php function getArray() { return [1, 2, 3]; } function squareArray(array &$a) { foreach ($a as &$v) { $v **= 2; } } // Generates a warning in PHP 7. squareArray((getArray())); ?> • Parenthesis in arguments won't mask error anymore
- 105. Constant arrays • Lots of properties should be constants <?php class Version { const SUPPORTED = ['1.0', '1.1', '2.0', '2.1']; private $an_array = [1,2,3,4]; public function isSupported($x) { return isset(Version::SUPPORTED[$x]); } }
- 106. Modernization
- 107. Foreach update the actual array <?php $array = [0]; foreach ($array as $k => &$val) { print "$kn"; $array[] = 1; } ?> 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 PHP 5 PHP 7
- 108. Closure binding • Code automation • Keep it simple • Won’t accept functioncalls • Won't accept variables <?php class Hello { private $hello = "Hello"; function makeClosure() { return function() { echo $this->hello; }; } $obj = new Hello(); $closure = $obj->makeClosure(); $closure();
- 109. Closure binding • Code automation • Keep it simple • Won’t accept functioncalls • Won't accept variables <?php class { private $hello = " "; } $obj = new Hello(); $closure = $obj->makeClosure(); $nihao = new (); $closure2 = $closure->bindTo($nihao); $closure2();
- 110. Closure binding • Code automation • Keep it simple • Won’t accept functioncalls • Won't accept variables <?php $closure = function() { echo $this->hello; }; class { private $hello = " "; } $nihao = new (); $closure->call($nihao);
- 113. Parameters evolution (7.1) • get_headers() has an extra parameter • Passing a custom stream context • getenv() doesn't need parameter • all the current environment variables will be returned
- 114. Really new
- 115. Null-coalesce • Shorter way to give a test for NULL and failover <?php // PHP 5.6 $x = $_GET['x'] === null ? 'default' : $_GET['x']; // PHP 7.0 $x = $_GET['x'] ?? 'default'; ?>
- 116. Spaceship operator • Very Cute <=> • Replaces a lot of code • Mainly useful for usort() <?php // PHP 5.6 if ($a > $b) { echo 1; } elseif ($a < $b) { echo -1; } else { echo 0; } // PHP 7.0 echo $a <=> $b; // 0
- 118. Generators returns <?php function factors($limit) { return 'first'; yield 2; return 'second'; yield 3; return 'third'; yield 5; } $gen = factors(sqrt($prime)); foreach ($gen as $n) { echo "$nn"; if ($n == 3) {break 1;} } print $gen->getReturn(); // second • Generators returns • The last return is accessible • The generator returns the final state
- 119. Scalar typehint • Whenever type is tested => <?php function foo($x) { if (!is_string($x)) { throw new Exception('Type error while calling ' . __FUNCTION__); } ... } <?php function foo(string $x) { ... }
- 120. Scalar typehint back in 5.6 • Whenever type is tested => <?php function foo(string $x) { } foo('that'); Catchable fatal error: Argument 1 passed to foo() must be an instance of string, string given, called in file..
- 121. Various scalar typehint • int, float • string, bool • true, false, null • void (PHP 7.1) • mixed, object, resource, numeric (RFU) <?php function foo(?int $a, float $b, float $c) : ?int { return $a + $b + $c; } echo foo(null, 2,1); // 4 echo foo(1.2, 2, 1); // 4 echo foo(1, 2.2, 1); // 4 echo foo(1, 2.7, 1.4); // 5
- 122. Return type hint <?php function getData($login) : user { if (userExists($login)) { return userDetails($login); } else { return null; } } • scalar, array, callable, class or interfaces void (PHP 7.1)
- 123. Option for strict typing <?php // Enable strict types declare(strict_types=1); declare(encoding='ISO-8859-1'); declare(ticks=1); namespace FooBar; foo('that');
- 124. Minimum args in custom functions is Fatal error scalar, array, callable, class or interfaces void (PHP 7.1) <?php function foo(?int $a, float $b, float $c) { return $a + $b + $c; } echo foo(2, 1); Minimum args number Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Too few arguments to function foo(), 2 passed in
- 125. Omitted • Assertions • Grouped assertions • opening tags that were dropped
- 126. Summary • Check the manuals • PHP lint is your friend • Search in the code • Use static analysis tools
- 127. Thank you! Damien Seguy @exakat [email protected] https://www.exakat.io/
- 128. The end