PROCESS OF LOAD BALANCING IN CLOUD COMPUTING USING GENETIC ALGORITHM

Electrical & Computer Engineering: An International Journal (ECIJ) Volume 4, Number 2, June 2015
DOI : 10.14810/ecij.2015.4206 57
PROCESS OF LOAD BALANCING IN CLOUD
COMPUTING USING GENETIC ALGORITHM
Md. Shahjahan Kabir 1
, Kh. Mohaimenul Kabir 2
and Dr. Rabiul Islam 3
1
Dept. of CSE, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
2
Dept. of CSE, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
3
Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, RUET, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
ABSTRACT
The running generation of world, cloud computing has become the most powerful, chief and also lightning
technology. IT based companies has already changed their way to buy and design hardware through this
technology. It is a high utility which can also make software more attractive. Load balancing research in
cloud technology is one of the burning technologies in modern time. In this paper, pointing various
proposed algorithms, the topic of load balancing in Cloud Computing are researched and compared to
provide a gist of the latest way in this research area. By using Genetic Algorithm the balance is most
flexible which is represented here.
KEYWORDS
Genetic Algorithm, Load balancing, Cloud Computing.
1. INTRODUCTION
The latest vision of large distributed computing is “Cloud”. Cloud based multimedia system
(CMS) gained momentum as there is large number of users. Cloud computing is internet based
computing, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and
other devices on-demand, like a public utility. [1] Recent the most burning topic is Cloud storage
for the IT user. Because when a user uses a personal or professional computer for a great purpose,
then they must have some precious files, for which that man is ready to invest more invest to
protect the file. As the scope of cloud scales up, cloud computing service suppliers needs
handling of gigantic requests. The principal challenge converts to keep the performance same or
better whenever such an outbreak happens. Thus in spite of glorious future of Cloud Computing,
many actual problems still essential to be explored for its perfect awareness. One of these
concerns is Load balancing. [2] The following network resources can be load balanced:
• Network edges and facilities such as DNS,FTP, and HTTP
• Making Connections through intelligent switches
• Processing through computer system task
• Storage resources right of entry to application instances.
Without balancing load it is too much hard to manage this cloud computing. As a soft computing
approach Genetic Algorithm has been used in this paper. Cloud Analyst - A Cloud Sims built
Visual Modeler has been used for simulation and analysis of the algorithm. The performance of

58
Genetic Algorithm is related with two commonly used scheduling algorithm FCFS and RR and a
local search algorithm stochastic hill climbing. [3] The GA operates on a pool of chromosomes
which denote candidate results to the problem. Chromosomes are selected following "survival of
the fittest" and are approved on to the next generation in a development called "reproduction". An
objective function is supplied and used to weigh the relative facts (the so-called "fitness value")
of the chromosomes in the pool, and the reproduction is understood by the genetic operators, such
as selection, crossover and mutation, to generate new points in the search space. [4] Genetic
Algorithm system performs better than greedy heuristic system. This algorithm is also suitable for
the load balancing system. But there is some trouble too such as the GA is quite complicated and
time consuming. But time can be reduced through the proposed method. Due to the best balancing
proposed system performs so much highly and perfectly in cloud network.
2. DESCRIPTION OF CLOUD SYSTEM, LOAD BALANCING & GENETIC
ALGORITHM
2.1. Cloud System
Mainly, cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the internet as an
alternative of the computer’s hard drive. The cloud is just a comparison for the Internet. It goes
back to the days of flowcharts and presentations that would represent the gigantic server-farm
infrastructure of the Internet as unknown but a puffy, white cumulonimbus cloud, accepting
connections and doling out info as it floats.
Cloud computing characterizes a real model shift in the way in which systems are arranged. The
gigantic scale of cloud computing organizations was enabled by the popularization of the Internet
and the enlargement of some large service companies. Cloud computing makes the long-held
dream of utility computing possible with a pay-as-you-go, infinitely scalable, universally
available system. With cloud computing, anybody can start very small and become big very fast.
That's why cloud computing is radical, even if the technology it is constructed on is evolutionary.
[6]
2.2. Scheduling Server for Load balancing
Load Balancing is firstly distributed by cost. Because Cloud computing is costly. When someone
pays, then the scheduling System gives high priority to the most paid user.

59
Figure 1. Scheduling server for balancing load in cloud computing.
Then it gives importance to 2nd
maximum paid user. That means who pays low cost, his file
distributes with low priority. In the Figure 1, this is labeled that the priority for $4 is more than $2
and $2 is more earlier than $1. This is called the scheduling in cloud computing.
2.3. Genetic Algorithm & Equation
The load balancing abides by three rules such as the location rule, the distribution rule, and the
selection rule. Here the work will process through a dynamic process after doing scheduling
server. Firstly the tasks will be fixed a number. Afterward it will auto execute task number and
size randomly. Then the task handled from a task slot, where the randomly generator are
deposited for processed.
Mainly the development of cloud computing is dynamic but for the arrangement purpose it can be
expressed as allocating N number of jobs applied by the cloud customers to M number of
processing unit in cloud. Every processing unit has a processing unit vector (PUV), where vector
consists of MIPMS that mean how many million instructions can be processed by the machine per
second. R is indicated as delay cost and x is cost of execution of instruction. If these indicated, the
equation will be as below.
PUV = f (MIPMS, x, R) (i)
Same formula for each job submitted by the cloud user can be defined by job unit vector (JUV),
Which is characterized by JUV= f(t,NIC,AT,wc) (ii)
Here t defines the types of the jobs, Software as a Service (SAAS), Infrastructure as a Service
(IAAS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PAAS). NIC represents the number of instruction which is
present. After this term costing is calculated for N jobs among M number of processors
representing in equation (iii).
ζ = W1 ∗ x (NIC ÷ MIPMS ) + W2 ∗ R (iii)
In the equation (iii) W1 and W2 are weights. It is very problematic to decide or optimize the
weights, one criterion could be that the factor is larger is the weight. The Logic is that cloud users
preference or importance of user given to a certain factor over the other. The weight are defined
as W1= 0.8 and W2=0.2 that means the sum is 1. So the load balancing is hard to do. Because the
mechanism of a simple GA are amazingly simple, involving nothing more complex than copying
strings and exchange partial strings. Simplicity of action and power of effect are two main

60
magnetisms of the GA approach. The efficiency of the GA depends upon an suitable mix of
exploration and exploitation. Three operators to achieve this are: selection, crossover, and
mutation. [4] So this paper is going to reduce the problem of balancing load with simplifying the
GA in the section of cloud computing. Genetic Algorithm mainly works with genesis, crossover
and mutation. The progress of working method of GA is shown in the Figure 2.
Figure 2. The flow chart of Genetic Algorithm
3. PROPOSED ALGORITHM
A method with GA is simplified by three operations. Where it can be justified the load balance,
these are selection, operation and replacement. Processor mainly processes the balance through as
below Figure 3.

61
Figure 3. Load balancing through processor.
Where P1, P2…………………………………..P5 are the number of processors. The proposed
balancing technique is given below.
Step 1: At the starting point, randomly initialize a population of processing unit after coding them
into binary strings.
Step 2: Calculate the main value of each population for the fitness part.
Step 3: If the maximum number of iteration or optimum solution is found then do:
Step 3(a): Consider chromosome with lowest fitness twice and delete the chromosome
with maximum fitness value to build the mating pool.
Step 3(b): Use single point crossover by randomly picking the crossover point to make
new offspring.
Step 3(c): With a mutation probability of (0.05), mutate new offspring.
Step 3(d): As new population place new offspring and use this population for following
round of iteration. This is called the accepting part.
Step 3(e): Finally test for the end condition.
Step 4: End.
4. EXECUTION
After performed the basic operation that means when fitness calculation, selection
implementation, crossover operation and mutation operation are completed then the execution
will end and the results found. . In GA, the population initialization is well-thought-out to be the
preprocessing hence its thickness is not considered for review. For programming into binary
string a time density of at maximum n1, for estimation of cost function 3 it is at maximum (c × k)
for testing cost c of k number of chromosomes. Selection process has a time complexity of at
most m, for single point crossover the time complexity is at most m, where m is chromosome

62
length and for mutation at any place it is again m. The three action of GA are frequent iteratively
till the discontinuing norms is met so the total time complexity G is given by equation (iv),
G = O{n1 + (c × k) + (n2 + 1)(m + m + m)} (iv)
For more smooth working the equation can be more effective in this case.
4.1 Results Using One Data Centre
Table 1: Calculation of total average response rate in milliseconds & Model setup
4.2 Results Using Two Data Centre
Table 2: Model Setup & Calculation of total response rate in milliseconds
Formation
of Cloud
1 DC
With No.
of VMs
RR
Response
time
SHC
Response
time
FCFS
response
time
GA Response
time
FC1 30 330.50 330.24 330.84 320.03
FC2 60 330.20 329.64 331.07 330.88
FC3 90 331.01 329.94 329.98 323.66
FC4 120 329.84 329.55 330.02 324.21
Formation
of Cloud
2 DCs
With No. of
VMs
RR
Response
time
SHC
Response
time
FCFS
response
time
GA Response
time
FC1 30 373.22 371.17 382.42 364.31
FC2 60 371.13 368.42 382.11 363.68
FC3 90 370.01 369.51 385.98 363.65
FC4 120 370.07 368.11 381.78 364.26
FC5 30,60 371.03 369.32 380.20 363.22
FC6 30,90 372.02 368.11 380.19 364.23
FC7 30,120 372.33 367.45 379.56 363.45
FC8 60,90 371.11 369.55 378.65 363.77
FC9 60,120 370.27 367.22 379.88 361.77
FC10 90,120 369.92 368.88 377.02 360.02

63
4.3 Results Using Three Data Centre
4.4 Results Using Four Data Centre
Formation
of Cloud
DC With
No. of VMs
RR
Response
time
SHC
Response
time
FCFS
response
time
GA Response
time
FC1 30 340.40 345.51 339.96 339.03
FC2 60 342.21 342.78 349.18 338.54
FC3 90 339.13 343.82 348.12 333.45
FC4 120 337.45 342.96 352.02 333.11
FC5 30,60,90,12
0
335.22 339.11 341.18 331.11
Formation
of Cloud
DC With
No. of
VMs
RR
Response
time
SHC
Response
time
FCFS
Response
time
GA Response
time
FC1 30 333.77 346.42 342.45 333.38
FC2 60 334.88 345.64 341.65 329.76
FC3 90 337.76 342.17 343.78 327.66
FC4 120 336.91 341.88 341.76 323.11
FC4 30,60,90,
120
335.84 341.59 340.28 321.77

64
4.5 Results Using Five Data Centre
5. CONCLUSIONS
From the graph shown above it can be conclude that the proposed system is better for the latest
technology. This paper can do better load balancing with the help of Genetic Algorithm in the
cloud network.
REFERENCES
[1] Manisha B. Jadhav, Vishnu J. Gaikwad, C. V. Patil, G. S. Deshpande,2010. CLOUD COMPUTING
APPLICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE, International Journal of Advanced Computer
and Mathematical Sciences.. Vol 1, Issue 1. Pp. 1-6.
[2] A Genetic Algorithm (GA) based Load Balancing Strategy for Cloud Computing, Kousik Dasguptaa,
Brototi Mandalb, Paramartha Duttac, Jyotsna Kumar Mondald, Santanu Dame ,International
Conference on Computational Intelligence: Modeling Techniques and Applications (CIMTA),
Procedia Technology 10 ( 2013 ) Pp. 340 – 347.
[3] M. D. Dikaiakos, G. Pallis, D. Katsa, P. Mehra, and A. Vakali, “Cloud Computing: Distributed Internet
Computing for IT and Scientific Research”, in Proc. of IEEE Journal of Internet Computing, Vol. 13,
No. 5, pp. 10-13, 2009.
[4] On File and Task Placements and Dynamic Load Balancing in Distributed Systems, Po-Jen Chuang
and Chi-Wei Cheng, Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 241-252 (2002).
[5] Observations on Using Genetic Algorithms for Dynamic Load-Balancing Albert Y. Zomaya, Senior
Member, IEEE, and Yee-Hwei IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, Vol. 12, No. 9,
September 2001.
[6] Cloud Computing Bible book, Barrie Sisisky, ISBN: 978-0-470-90356-8.
[7] Comparative Study on Load Balancing Techniques in Cloud Computing, Open Journal of Mobile
Computing and Cloud Computing, N. S. Raghava* and Deepti Singh, Volume 1, Number 1, August
2014.
Formation
of Cloud
DC With
No. of
VMs
RR
Response time
SHC
Response time
FCFS
Response time
GA Response
time
FC1 30 330.16 340.76 339.73 321.30
FC2 60 331.62 339.38 338.37 318.03
FC3 90 337.56 338.49 336.58 317.01
FC4 120 335.98 339.91 335.76 316.88
FC4 30,60,90,1
20
331.99 337.37 331.59 315.01

65
AUTHORS
Md. Shahjahan Kabir is currently a lecturer of CSE in Dhaka International University. He has got Bsc.
from RUET in 2012. He has already three online publications in the international journal .
Kh. Mohaimenul Kabir is a current student of Bsc. in CSE in Dhaka international University. He has a
online publication in online journal.
Dr. Rabiul Islam is currently a Associate professor of CSE in RUET. He has already completed his Bsc. ,
Msc and Phd. From RUET. He has lots of research and publications. He has published 65 online
international journals till now

PROCESS OF LOAD BALANCING IN CLOUD COMPUTING USING GENETIC ALGORITHM

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