Programming WebSockets - OSCON 2010
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Sean Sullivan presented on WebSockets at OSCON in July 2010. WebSockets enable bidirectional communication between web browsers and servers through a standardized API and protocol. This allows for real-time applications like multiplayer games. Sullivan demonstrated how to use the JavaScript WebSocket API to open a connection and send/receive messages. He noted that browser support was growing but the protocol was still evolving. WebSockets provide an improvement over previous techniques like AJAX polling and Comet for real-time web applications.
Programming WebSockets - OSCON 2010
- 1. Programming WebSockets Sean Sullivan OSCON July 22, 2010
- 2. About me
- 7. HTML 5!
- 9. WebSockets!
- 10. WebSockets?
- 11. WebSockets a technology that enables bidirectional communication between web browsers and server-side processes
- 12. “TCP for the web”
- 13. Push technology
- 14. Client-server communication AJAX Comet WebSockets
- 15. Example
- 17. Rock Paper Scissors Lizard Spock
- 18. Specifications • WebSockets API • WebSockets protocol
- 20. JavaScript example var sock = new WebSocket('wss://www.oscon.com/chat'); sock.onopen = function(evt) { alert(‘open!’); }; sock.onmessage = function(evt) { alert(‘Message: ‘ + evt.data); } sock.onerror = function(evt) { alert(‘error!’); }; sock.onclose = function(evt) { alert(‘closed!’); } sock.send(“Hello OSCON!”); sock.close();
- 21. WebSocket URLs • ws://example.com/demo • wss://example.com/demo
- 22. event handlers • onopen • onmessage • onerror • onclose
- 23. Specifications • WebSockets API • WebSockets protocol
- 24. 51 pages!
- 25. WebSockets protocol • ports 80 and 443 • HTTP “upgrade” handshake
- 26. Browser request GET /test HTTP/1.1 Upgrade: WebSocket Connection: Upgrade Origin: http://www.oscon.com/chat Host: www.oscon.com Content-Length: 0
- 27. Server response HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake Upgrade: WebSocket Connection: Upgrade Server: FooServer/1.5 WebSocket-Location: ws://www.oscon.com/chat WebSocket-Origin: http://www.oscon.com/chat Content-Length: 0 Date: Fri, 08 May 2010 07:23:58 GMT
- 28. the WebSocket network protocol is still changing!
- 29. Protocol evolution • draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol-75 • draft-hixie-thewebsocketprotocol-76 • draft-ietf-hybi-thewebsocketprotocol-00
- 30. Developers should be aware that starting from WebKit nightly build r59903 and Chrome 6.0.414.0 (r47952), the client will talk to a server using -76 version of the protocol, so it will fail to open WebSocket connections with a WebSocket server based on draft-hixie- thewebsocketprotocol-75. Since -75 version of the protocol is obsoleted and no longer supported in future version of browsers, to support new clients you need to update the server implementation. (Note that Chrome 5 uses -75 version of protocol) source: http://blog.chromium.org/2010/06/websocket-protocol-updated.html
- 31. The WebSocket protocol is still actively being changed. Until there is more consensus, we will continue to update our implementation to follow the latest draft of specification, rather than worrying about breaking changes. source: http://blog.chromium.org/2010/06/websocket-protocol-updated.html
- 32. Browser support • Google Chrome 4.0.249.0 and higher • Safari 5.0 • Firefox: 4.0 beta 1 • Internet Explorer 9: TBD
- 34. WebSockets on the server-side
- 42. No standard server-side Java API
- 43. Other Java projects • Glassfish / Grizzly • jWebSocket • JBoss Netty • Caucho Resin
- 44. Conclusion • WebSockets is an emerging technology • JavaScript API is easy to learn • JavaScript API is easy to use • Lots of choices on the server-side
- 45. Thank you
- 46. Bonus slides!
- 48. jQuery • http://code.google.com/p/jquery-graceful-websocket/ • http://code.google.com/p/jquery-websocket/
- 50. Push technologies • Flash sockets • Silverlight duplex services • Comet • WebSockets
- 51. WebSockets and HTML5 “At last week's telecon, while discussing ISSUE-64, it was proposed that we declare WebSocket (both API and protocol) out of scope for HTML5. Since the API and protocol have been in separate specs for some time, this would have no immediate material effect. However, it would prevent us from putting WebSocket back in the main HTML5 spec in the future, unless new information came to light which would allow us to reopen the decision.” September 9 2009 http://www.w3.org/html/wg/tracker/issues/64
- 52. WebSockets and HTML5 “Since there was no objection, the resolution has now passed.” September 23 2009 http://www.w3.org/html/wg/tracker/issues/64
- 53. Security • same-origin policy applies • use wss:// if you want a secure connection