Relaxing Join and Selection Queries - VLDB 2006 Slides
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The document discusses techniques for relaxing join and selection queries with a focus on improving query results when empty results are encountered. It presents algorithms for efficiently detecting and adjusting conditions in queries, leveraging a lattice-based approach for query relaxation. Additionally, it explores various experimental settings and variations of the algorithms applied to different datasets, highlighting their performance and implications in contexts like CRM and bioinformatics applications.
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![Example Percentages of Empty Result Queries In a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) application developed by IBM 18.07% (3,396 empty result queries in 18,793 queries) In a real estate application developed by IBM 5.75% In a digital library application [JCM + 00] 10.53% In a bioinformatics application [RCP + 98] 38% Efficient Detection of Empty-Result Queries (p.1015)Gang Luo (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, USA) VLDB 2006](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/vldb06p199koudasslides-13136223517027-phpapp01-110817181031-phpapp01/85/Relaxing-Join-and-Selection-Queries-VLDB-2006-Slides-4-320.jpg)
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Relaxing Join and Selection Queries - VLDB 2006 Slides
- 1. Relaxing Join and Selection Queries Rares Vernica UC Irvine, USA Joint work with Nick Koudas, Chen Li, and Anthony K. H. Tung
- 2. Query Example SELECT * FROM Jobs J, Candidates C WHERE J.Salary <= 95 AND J.Zipcode = C.Zipcode AND C.WorkExp >= 5; … 90391 82632 92612 93652 Zipcode … IBM Microsoft Intel Broadcom Company … … ... … … ... 1 150 C4 130 90391 J4 5 100 C3 120 82632 J3 6 130 C2 95 93652 J2 3 120 C1 80 92047 J1 WorkExp ExpSalary ID Salary Zipcode ID Candidates Jobs
- 3. What if the query answer is empty? SELECT * FROM Jobs J, Candidates C WHERE J.Salary <= 95 AND J.Zipcode = C.Zipcode AND C.WorkExp >= 5; Adjust the conditions What conditions to adjust? How to adjust them?
- 4. Example Percentages of Empty Result Queries In a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) application developed by IBM 18.07% (3,396 empty result queries in 18,793 queries) In a real estate application developed by IBM 5.75% In a digital library application [JCM + 00] 10.53% In a bioinformatics application [RCP + 98] 38% Efficient Detection of Empty-Result Queries (p.1015)Gang Luo (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, USA) VLDB 2006
- 5. Observations Different ways to adjust the conditions: Select vs. Join How much to adjust each condition? Salary <= 100 vs. Salary <= 120 Adjust join vs. Adjust both selections Salary <= 95 WorkExp >= 5 … 90391 82632 92612 93652 Zipcode … IBM Microsoft Intel Broadcom Company … … ... … … ... 1 150 C4 130 90391 J4 5 100 C3 120 82632 J3 6 130 C2 95 93652 J2 3 120 C1 80 92047 J1 WorkExp ExpSalary ID Salary Zipcode ID Candidates Jobs
- 6. Contributions Query relaxation framework for selections and joins Lattice -based approach for query relaxation Efficient relaxation algorithms
- 7. Overview Motivation Query Relaxation Lattice-based Relaxation Relaxation Algorithms Variations Experiments
- 8. Query Relaxation Top-k / Nearest neighbor Weight for each condition Skyline No weights are needed Conditions are not considered equal Return non dominated points
- 9. Query Relaxation Skyline Stephan Börzsönyi, Donald Kossmann, Konrad Stocker: The Skyline Operator. ICDE 2001
- 10. Overview Motivation Query Relaxation Lattice-based Relaxation Relaxation Algorithms Variations Experiments
- 11. Lattice -based Relaxation Salary <= 95 WorkExp >= 5 R – select on Jobs J – join condition S – select on Candidates … 90391 82632 92612 93652 Zipcode … IBM Microsoft Intel Broadcom Company … … ... … … ... 1 150 C4 130 90391 J4 5 100 C3 120 82632 J3 6 130 C2 95 93652 J2 3 120 C1 80 92047 J1 WorkExp ExpSalary ID Salary Zipcode ID Candidates Jobs
- 12. Overview Motivation Query Relaxation Lattice-based Relaxation Relaxation Algorithms Variations Experiments
- 13. Relaxing Selection Conditions Algorithm: Compute Skyline on Jobs Compute Skyline on Candidates Join the Skylines Salary <= 95 WorkExp >= 5 INCORRECT Skyline Skyline Empty Join Skyline … 90391 82632 92612 93652 Zipcode … IBM Microsoft Intel Broadcom Company … … ... … … ... 1 150 C4 130 90391 J4 5 100 C3 120 82632 J3 6 130 C2 95 93652 J2 3 120 C1 80 92047 J1 WorkExp ExpSalary ID Salary Zipcode ID Candidates Jobs
- 14. Relaxing Selection Conditions Join First Algorithm: Compute the join (disregarding the selections) Compute Skyline on join results Salary <= 95 WorkExp >= 5 Join Skyline … 90391 82632 92612 93652 Zipcode … IBM Microsoft Intel Broadcom Company … … ... … … ... 1 150 C4 130 90391 J4 5 100 C3 120 82632 J3 6 130 C2 95 93652 J2 3 120 C1 80 92047 J1 WorkExp ExpSalary ID Salary Zipcode ID Candidates Jobs
- 15. Relaxing Selection Condition Variations Pruning Join Build the Skyline during the join Pruning Join+ Pruning Join Build the local Skyline before the join Sorted Access Join Fagin’s Top-k: sort the columns on relaxation Compute the join Skyline
- 16. Relaxing all conditions Multi-Dim.-Index-based-Relaxation Algorithm: Traverse the index structure top-down Form pairs of nodes or records Build the Skyline Skyline Queue
- 17. Overview Motivation Query Relaxation Lattice-based Relaxation Relaxation Algorithms Variations Experiments
- 18. Variations Computing Top-k over Skyline Weight to each condition Queries with multiple joins Conditions on nonnumeric attributes Dominance checking function
- 19. Overview Motivation Query Relaxation Lattice-based Relaxation Relaxation Algorithms Variations Experiments
- 20. Experimental Setting Datasets Real Internet Movie Database (IMDB) Movies (120k) & ActorInMovies (1.2m) Census-Income – UCI KDD Repository Census (200k) Synthetic Independent, Correlated, and Anticorrelated Implementation GNU C++ Spatial Index Library (R-tree) Linux, AMD Opteron 240, 1GB RAM
- 21. Different algorithms, different behaviors IMDB Dataset
- 22. Different datasets, different behaviors Correlated Dataset Anticorrelated Dataset Independent Dataset
- 23. How big is the Skyline?
- 24. Relaxing join takes time Self-join on Census Dataset
- 25. Top-k over Skyline IMDB Dataset
- 26. Related Work Muslea et al. Alternate forms of conjunctive expressions Efficient Skyline algorithms Selection queries Efficient Top-k algorithms Require weights for conditions
- 27. Conclusions Query relaxation framework for selections and joins Lattice -based approach for query relaxation Efficient relaxation algorithms
- 28. Future Work Optimum use of the lattice structure Relax conditions on string attributes Algorithms applicable outside the databases
- 29. Questions ?
- 32. Skyline vs. Top-k over Skyline
Editor's Notes
- #3: Make a “real” story; companies are very eager to find the people they want. We assume that closer zip codes mean closer areas.
- #4: Queries can return nothing It is important to have results Automatically do relaxation!
- #7: Efficiency is a big issue
- #9: Skyline is not the only way. Skyline does not care which one is more important. We are not comparing apples with oranges.
- #10: In this diagram we are not relaxing join conditions. Each point is a join pair.
- #12: Sometimes we might not want to relax the join (e.g.: attribute is an ID) Relaxation is done automatically by the system
- #14: Skyline as a relational algebra operator with various properties
- #16: Main idea of the algorithms. For more details see the paper.
- #17: Index exists, e.g., R-tree; works with other types of multi-dimensional indices Children Queue: Enqueue, Dequeue
- #19: Explain the Top-k over Skyline
- #22: We present just a few of our results, for more details see the paper.
- #24: Skyline size depends on cardinality, number of selections, and data size.
- #27: Muslea deals primarily with expressibility issues without paying attention to the data management issues involved. We relax queries with selection and join conditions. Other studies assume that the attributes and ordering of the values are already pre-determined in a single table; our work require us to compute skyline dynamically for a set of tables which are to be join and whose attribute values must be determined on the fly. Our work considers both the selection and join conditions for relaxation.
- #28: Efficiency is a big issue