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Selenium in Kubernetes: lessons learned

I
Ivan Krutov

The document discusses lessons learned from implementing a large Selenium cluster on Kubernetes, detailing the transition from traditional setups to modern cloud solutions. It covers issues related to fault tolerance, database maintenance, and resource management, emphasizing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of Kubernetes for Selenium operations. Various tools and technologies, like Selenoid and Browsersmoon, are evaluated for their suitability in a Kubernetes environment.

Software
Related topics:
Automated Testing • Fault Tolerance Techniques
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Selenium in Kubernetes: lessons learned by Ivan Krutov
About me Java & Golang developer Devops Big Selenium cluster
Big Selenium Cluster Typical Selenium Grid 50 browsers 10000 sessions / day 1 data center 5 rps 500 Kbit/s Sometimes down My cluster 5000+ browsers 2.5M sessions / day 5 data centers 4000 rps > 2 Gbit/s 24/7/365
Big Selenium Cluster
Selenium Tools Selenoid BrowsersMoon
Selenium is expensive
Stone Age (10 years ago)
Middle Ages (5 years ago)
Modern History (3 years ago)
Nowadays
Getting Kubernetes cluster Minikube CloudDocker Manually
Interacting with Kubernetes kubectlAPI Web UI
Namespace Kubernetes Concepts Pod Service Deployment
Demo #1
Selenium Grid in Kubernetes Node 1 Node 2 Hub Node
Selenium launcher in Kubernetes Selenium API ContainerPod Kubernetes API
Why Selenoid is not suitable Node 1 Node 2
Fault-tolerance in Kubernetes ServiceIngress (L7) LoadBalancer (L3)
Stateful Selenium fault-tolerance
Stateful Selenium fault-tolerance Selenograph Selenium Grid 4 WebDriverGrid
Stateful Selenium fault-tolerance Databases maintenance is complicated Not every database can live in Kubernetes Databases go down under Selenium load
Stateless Selenium fault-tolerance Service POST /session/<id>/url GET /session/<id>/screenshot
Stateless Selenium fault-tolerance Ggr Moon
Original session ID: e0dfdda0-1786-4e8f-987b-29a61f5c165e md5(‘http://example.com:4444’): 798744d2b7036ba36c4ea285272bcd48 Extended session ID: 798744d2b7036ba36c4ea285272bcd48e0dfdda0- 1786-4e8f-987b-29a61f5c165e Ggr session ID magic
Moon generated host names firefox-73-0-<uuid> firefox-73-0-<uuid>
Artifact storage in Kubernetes Container 1 Container 2 Volume
S3 artifact storage Data Replica 2 S3 SLB Replica 1
Demo #2
Kubernetes makes Selenium cheaper
References https://github.com/aerokube/moon @aerokube https://t.me/aerokube https://aerokube.com/ https://bit.ly/2C2LstZ

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Selenium in Kubernetes: lessons learned