Sept 9 Lecture: Course Introduction
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The document summarizes a lecture on the history and accessibility of geographic information systems (GIS). It discusses how GIS has evolved from closed, proprietary systems to become more open, accessible and affordable over time through faster computers, data sharing standards, and open source software. It also outlines how web GIS has evolved from expensive complex applications to free customizable open source options, making spatial data and analysis more widely available.
Sept 9 Lecture: Course Introduction
- 1. SEPT 9 LECTURE ENVS 4522
- 2. Lecture Outline Topic 1: The Pre-Amble Introductions Course Instructor Course Outline Assignments and readings Final Project Exercise: Affinity Model You get to be creative and do something fun Topic 2: History of GIS Open and Closed GIS Web GIS Accessibility of GIS Discussion
- 3. Course Instructor Michael Maclennan MES Graduate 5 Years working in GIS 2 Years working in Information Architecture
- 4. Course Outline First section will focus on History of PPGIS, Role of PPGIS in Environmental management/monitoring and planning Social Systems a new paradigm for PPGIS Assignment #1 Mid Term Second section will look at The tools and technology of the Geospatial web Design of Geospatial systems for the web GIS Standards Assignment #2 Final Project
- 5. Where stuff lives http://asyik.org Course outline Presentations Assignments Etc.
- 6. Exercise: Affinity Model Fun with an Affinity Model What is it? It’s a process of seeking clarity about complex ideas or problems.
- 7. What will we explore What are the elements that make something a GIS? What makes a project or initiative participatory?
- 8. Affinity Model Plan Step 1 - Generate ideas Step 2 - Display ideas Break 10 minutes Step 3 - Sort ideas into groups & Create grouping titles Step 4 - Draw finished diagram
- 9. Creating Grouping Titles An idea that captures the essential link among the ideas contained in a group of cards. Phrase or sentence Clear meaning
- 10. Topic 2 History of GIS Open and Closed GIS History of Web GIS Accessibility of GIS Examples Discussion
- 11. What is GIS? Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are computerized systems for the storage, retrieval, manipulation, analysis, and display of geographically referenced data.
- 12. History of GIS
- 13. Accessibility Accessibility is a complex issues in GIS that has many facets Data Software Knowledge Usability
- 14. Accessibility Over time GIS has become more accessible for several reasons: Faster and more affordable computers Data sharing and Data standardization Open Source Movement Access to the code meaning more customizability
- 16. Accessibility Web GIS Web GIS itself has evolved in a similar fashion Starting first with expensive highly complex proprietary software Moving to ‘Out of the box’ applications To free Open source applications that are highly customizable
- 18. Types of Web Maps
- 19. Static web maps Static web maps are view only with no animation or interactivity. Dynamically created web maps These maps are created on demand each time the user reloads the web pages, often from dynamic data sources, such as databases. Distributed web maps Maps are created from distributed data sources. The interface of the web mapping system provides a method to access maps on other servers. Types of Web Maps
- 20. Realtime web maps Realtime maps show the situation of a phenomena as it is occurring. Personalized web maps Personalized web maps allow the map user to apply his own data filtering, selective content and the application of personal styling and map symbolization. Open, reusable web maps Web maps in this category are usually more complex web mapping systems that offer APIs for reuse in other people's web pages and products. An example for such a system with an API for reuse is Google Maps. Collaborative web maps These maps allow simultaneous editing of spatial data across the web. Types of Web Maps
- 21. Summary GIS has evolved from task specific tools to more generalized applications It has also become more accessible to more people because it has become more: Affordable Easier to use and accessible Web GIS has evolved and diversified in a similar fashion closed GIS.