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Spring Microservices in Action
Second Edition
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welcome
Thank you for purchasing the MEAP for Spring Microservices
in Action. I hope you find this second edition useful for your
professional development and enjoy reading this book as
much as I enjoyed writing it.
As software developers, we sit in the middle of a sea of
chaos and change. Sometimes, just when we think we have
achieved the best solution for our problem, some new
technologies and approaches appear on the scene, causing
us to reevaluate how we deliver solutions for our customers.
Microservices is a perfect example of this. When the
microservices concept crept into the software development
community around 2014, it made us realize that we did not
have everything under control with the architectures
implemented at that time, and that we had to migrate to
something more flexible and innovative.
Microservices came as a distributed, loosely coupled
software services solution that carries out a small number
of well-defined tasks. With this book I’m going to teach you
how to create a microservice solution so you can migrate
from a non-microservices architecture to a microservices
architecture or create an enterprise architecture from
scratch using microservices. But why microservices with
Spring? Spring is the de facto development framework for
building Java-based applications, and the way it adapts

perfectly with microservices is one of the main reasons I
chose to take on the project of writing the second edition of
this book. In it, I’ll show you step by step how to create a
microservice and the entire architecture using Java, several
Spring projects, and other projects you will find very useful.
When you finish reading this book, you will have learned a
lot of concepts about microservice architectures, but the
most important thing is that you will know how to
implement all of those concepts seen in the book in your
day-to-day life. You will be able to create a containerized
enterprise microservices architecture from scratch using
several projects to log, monitor, route, balance, and secure
your services. Also, you will be able to deploy your
microservices to the cloud using AWS as the cloud provider.
Thank you again and please let me know if you have any
questions, comments, or suggestions in the liveBook
discussion forum. Your feedback is really important in
developing the best book possible.
—Illary Huaylupo Sánchez

brief contents
1 Welcome to the cloud, Spring
2 Exploring the microservices world with Spring
Cloud
3 Building microservices with Spring Boot
4 Welcome to Docker
5 Controlling your configuration with Spring Cloud
configuration server 6 On service discovery
6 On service discovery
7 When bad things happen: Resiliency patterns
with Spring Cloud and Resilience4j
8 Service routing with Spring Cloud Gateway
9 Securing your microservices
10 Event-driven architecture with Spring Cloud
Stream

11 Distributed tracing with Spring Cloud Sleuth and
Zipkin
12 Deploying your microservices
APPENDIX
Appendix A: Microservice Architecture Best Practices
Appendix B: OAuth2 Grant Types
Appendix C: Monitoring your microservices

1 Welcome to the cloud, Spring
This chapter covers
· Understanding the difference between monolithic and
microservices architectures
· Understanding microservices and why companies use them
· Using Spring, Spring Boot, and Spring cloud for building
microservices
· Understanding the concept of cloud and the cloud-based
computing models
Microservices are distributed, loosely coupled software
services that carry out a small number of well-defined tasks.
A distributed system is a system composed of several
services that are separated and located on a network. These
services communicate by passing messages between them.
Implementing a microservice architecture is not an easy
task; it comes with many challenges, such as application
scalability, service discovery, monitoring, distributed tracing,
security, management, and more. However, this book will
teach you how to tackle all those challenges, introduce you
to the world of microservices in Java, and show you the
importance of applying these architectures to your business
applications. You’ll learn how to achieve this using
technologies such as Spring Cloud, Spring Boot, Swagger,
Docker, Kubernetes, ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, and
Kibana), Stack, Grafana, Prometheus, and more.

If you are a Java developer, this book will provide a smooth
migration path from building traditional, monolithic Spring
applications to microservice applications that can be
deployed to the cloud. This book uses practical examples,
diagrams, and descriptive texts to provide further details of
how microservice architectures are implemented.
In the end, you will have learned how to implement
technologies and techniques such as client-load balancing,
dynamic scaling, distributed tracing, and more to create
flexible, modern, and autonomous microservice-based
business applications with Spring Boot and Spring Cloud.
You will also be able to create your own build/deploy
pipelines to achieve continuous delivery and integration in
your business by applying technologies such as Kubernetes,
Jenkins, and Docker.
1.1 The evolution towards a
microservices architecture
Software architecture refers to all the fundamental parts that
allow us to establish the structure, operation, and interaction
between the components of the software. To create a good
architecture, we can use design patterns as a guide; these
patterns provide the necessary framework to guide the
development of software, allowing developers to share the
same line of work and cover all objectives and application
restrictions.

This book explains how to create a microservice architecture,
but to better understand this, I will first explain what a
monolithic architecture is and the differences between
microservices and monolithic architectures. The idea is to
give you a good starting point if you are still working with
monolithic architectures. Figure 1.1 shows the comparison
between a monolithic and a microservice architecture.
Concepts such as microservices architecture, monolith,
cloud, and deployment can have many variations in their
description and meaning. To avoid possible confusion, in this
book, we are going to define the following concepts as:
· Monolith. As the word says, a monolith is composed all
in one piece. This book refers to the monolith application
as a backend that contains all of its components in the
same application. This means that all of its components
are interconnected, and it doesn't make any distinctions
on the type of functionalities each service is delivering.
· Microservice Architecture. Architectural style in which
an application is divided into several loosely coupled,
highly maintainable, independent services that work
together to deliver a complete software product. The
main objective in this architecture is to separate services
taking into consideration the business goals or
functionalities.
· Cloud. The cloud refers to the internet. So, when we
refer to the cloud, this means having all of the services
we develop available on the internet.
· Deployment. Deployment refers to the process of
running an application into a production server. In this
process, we can highlight all the activities that allow us
to make an application available for use.

Figure 1.1 Comparison between a monolithic architecture and a
microservices architecture.
1.1.1 What’s a monolithic architecture?
Before the concept of microservices evolved, most web-
based applications were built using a monolithic architectural
style. In a monolithic architecture, an application is delivered
as a single deployable software artifact. All the UI (user
interface), business, and database access logic are packaged
together into a unique application artifact and deployed to

an application server. Figure 1.2 shows the basic architecture
of this application.
Figure 1.2 Monolithic applications force multiple development teams
to artificially synchronize their delivery because their code needs to be
built, tested, and deployed as an entire unit.
While an application might be deployed as a single unit of
work, most of the time, there will be multiple development
teams working on the application. Each development team
will have their own discrete pieces of the application they’re

responsible for, usually specific customers they’re serving
with their functional piece. For example, imagine a scenario
where we have an in-house, custom-built customer relations
management (CRM) application that involves the
coordination of multiple teams including the UI/UX, the
customer, the data warehouse and the funds team.
1.1.2 What’s a microservice?
The concept of a microservice initially crept into the software
development community’s consciousness as a direct
response to many of the challenges of trying to scale both
technically and organizationally large, monolithic
applications. Remember, a microservice is a small, loosely
coupled, distributed service. Microservices allow you to take
an extensive application and decompose it into easy-to-
manage components with narrowly defined responsibilities.
Microservices help combat the traditional problems of
complexity in a large code base by decomposing the large
code base down into small, well-defined pieces. The key
concept you need to embrace as you think about
microservices is decomposing and unbundling the
functionality of your applications, so they’re entirely
independent of one another. If we take the CRM application,
as shown in figure 1.2 and decompose it into microservices;
it might look like the figure 1.3.

Figure 1.3 Using a microservice architecture the CRM application is
decomposed into a set of microservices completely independent of
each other, allowing each development team to move at their own
pace.
Figure 1.3 shows how each functional team completely owns
their service code and service infrastructure. They can build,
deploy, and test independently of each other because their
code, source control repository, and the infrastructure (app
server and database) are now entirely independent of the
different parts of the application.
A microservice architecture has the following characteristics:
· Application logic is broken down into small-grained
components with well-defined boundaries of
responsibility that coordinate to deliver a solution.

· Each component has a small domain of responsibility and
is deployed completely independently of one another.
Microservices should have responsibility for a single
part of a business domain.
· Microservices communicate based on a few basic
principles and employ lightweight communication
protocols such as HTTP and JSON (JavaScript Object
Notation) for exchanging data between the service
consumer and service provider.
· The underlying technical implementation of the service is
irrelevant because the applications always communicate
with a technology-neutral format (JSON is the most
common). This means an application built using a
microservice approach could be built with multiple
languages and technologies.
· Microservices—by their small, independent, and
distributed nature—allow organizations to have small
development teams with well-defined areas of
responsibility. These teams might work toward a single
goal such as delivering an application, but each team is
responsible only for the services on which they’re
working.
1.1.3 Why change the way we build applications?
Companies that used to serve local markets are suddenly
finding that they can reach out to a global customer base.
However, with a broader global customer base also comes
global competition. Having more competition impacts, the
way developers have to think about building applications.
Some examples are:
· Complexity has gone way up. Customers expect that
all parts of an organization know who they are. “Siloed”
applications that talk to a single database and don’t

integrate with other applications are no longer the norm.
Today’s applications need to communicate to multiple
services and databases residing not only inside a
company’s data center, but also to external service
providers over the internet.
· Customers want faster delivery. Customers no longer
want to wait for the next annual release or version of a
software package. Instead, they expect the features in a
software product to be unbundled so that new
functionality can be released quickly in weeks (even
days).
· Performance and scalability. Global applications make
it extremely difficult to predict how much transaction
volume is going to be handled by an application, and
when that transaction volume is going to hit.
Applications need to scale up across multiple servers
quickly and then scale back down when the volume
needs have passed.
· Customers expect their applications to be available.
Because customers are one click away from a competitor,
a company’s applications must be highly resilient.
Failures or problems in one part of the application
shouldn’t bring down the entire application.
To meet these expectations, we, as application developers,
have to embrace the mystery that to build high-scalable and
highly redundant applications, we need to break our
applications into small services that can be built and
deployed independently of one another. If we “unbundle” our
applications into small services and move them away from a
single monolithic artifact, we can build systems that are:
· Flexible. Decoupled services can be composed and
rearranged to quickly deliver new functionality. The
smaller the unit of code that one is working with, the

less complicated it is to change the code and the less
time it takes to test deploy the code.
· Resilient. Decoupled services mean an application is no
longer a single “ball of mud” where a degradation in one
part of the application causes the whole application to
fail. Failures can be localized to a small part of the
application and contained before the entire application
experiences an outage. This also enables the applications
to degrade gracefully in case of an unrecoverable error.
· Scalable. Decoupled services can easily be distributed
horizontally across multiple servers, making it possible to
scale the features/services appropriately. With a
monolithic application where all the logic for the
application is intertwined, the entire application needs to
scale even if only a small part of the application is the
bottleneck. Scaling on small services is localized and
much more cost-effective.
To this end, as we begin our discussion of microservices,
keep the following in mind:
Small, Simple, and Decoupled Services = Scalable,
Resilient, and Flexible Applications
It's important to understand that the systems and the
organization itself can benefit from a microservices
approach. To obtain benefits in the organization, we can
apply Conway's law in reverse. This law indicates several
points that can improve the communication and structure of
a company. Conway's law (written in April 1968 by Melvin R.
Conway in the article “How do Committees Invent”) states
that "Organizations which design systems ... are constrained
to produce designs which are copies of the communication
structures of these organizations." Basically, what it

indicates is that the way teams communicate within the
team and with other teams is directly reflected in the code
they produce.
So, if we apply Conway's law in reverse (also known as
inverse Conway maneuver) and design the company
structure based on the microservice architecture, the
communication, stability of the applications, and the
organizational structure will improve by creating loosely
coupled and autonomous teams as the microservices.
1.2 Microservices with Spring
Spring has become the most popular development
framework for building Java-based applications. At its core,
Spring is based on the concept of dependency injection.
A dependency injection framework allows you to more
efficiently manage large Java projects by externalizing the
relationship between objects within your application through
convention (and annotations) rather than those objects
having hard-coded knowledge about each other. Spring sits
as an intermediary between the different Java classes of
your application and manages their dependencies. Spring
essentially lets you assemble your code like a set of Lego
bricks that snap together.
What’s impressive about the Spring framework and a
testament to its development community is its ability to stay
relevant and reinvent itself. The Spring development team
quickly saw that many development teams were moving

away from monolithic applications where the application’s
presentation, business, and data access logic were packaged
together and deployed as a single artifact. Instead, teams
were moving to highly distributed models where services
were being built as small, distributed services that could be
quickly deployed to the cloud. In response to this shift, the
Spring development team launched two projects: Spring
Boot and Spring Cloud.
Spring Boot is a re-envisioning of the Spring framework.
While it embraces core features of Spring, Spring Boot strips
away many of the “enterprise” features found in Spring and
instead delivers a framework geared toward Java-based,
REST-oriented (Representational State Transfer)
microservices. With a few simple annotations, a Java
developer can quickly build a REST service that can be
packaged and deployed without the need for an external
application container.
NOTE While I cover REST in more detail in chapter 3, the core concept
behind REST is that your services should embrace the use of HTTP verbs (GET,
POST, PUT and DELETE) to represent the core actions of the service and use a
lightweight web-oriented data serialization protocol, such as JSON, for
requesting and receiving data from the service.
The key features of Spring Boot are:
· Embedded web server to avoid complexity in the
application deployment: Tomcat (default), Jetty, or
Undertow. Remember, this is one essential concept of
Spring Boot; the chosen web server is part of the
deployable JAR. For the spring boot applications, the only
requisite to deploy the app is to have Java installed on
the server.

· Suggested configuration to start quickly with a project
(Starters)
· Automatic configuration for Spring functionally –
whenever it’s possible
· Wide range of features ready for production, such as
metrics, security, status verification, externalized
configuration, and more.
Using Spring Boot offers the following benefits for our
microservices:
· Reduces development time and increased efficiency and
productivity
· Offers an embedded HTTP server to run the web
applications
· Allows you to avoid writing a lot of boilerplate
· Facilitates the integration with the Spring Ecosystem,
which includes Spring Data, Spring Security, Spring
Cloud, and more
· Provides a set of various development plugins that
developers can work with
Because microservices have become one of the more
common architectural patterns for building cloud-based
applications, the Spring development community has given
us Spring Cloud.
The Spring cloud framework makes it simple to
operationalize and deploy microservices to a private or
public cloud. Spring Cloud wraps several popular cloud-
management microservice frameworks under a common
framework and makes the use and deployment of these
technologies as easy to use as annotating your code. I cover

the different components within Spring Cloud in the next
chapter.
1.3 What are we building?
This book offers a step-by-step guide on creating a complete
microservices architecture using Spring Boot, Spring Cloud,
and other useful and modern technologies. Figure 1.X shows
a high-level overview of some of the services and technology
integrations that we will do throughout the book.
Figure 1.X High-level overview of the services and technologies that
we are going to use and create throughout the entire book.

Figure 1.X describes a client request to update and retrieve
the organization's information in the microservice
architecture we will create. To start the request, the user
first needs to authenticate with KeyCloak to get an access
token. Once the token is obtained, the client makes a
request to the Spring Cloud API Gateway. The API Gateway
service is the entry point to our entire architecture; this
service will communicate to the service discovery to retrieve
the locations of the organization and licensing services and
then call the specific microservice.
Once the request arrives at the organization service, this
service validates the access token against KeyCloak to see if
the token is valid and if the user has permission to continue
the process. Once this is validated, the organization service
will update and retrieve its information from the organization
database and send it back to the client as an HTTP response.
As an alternative path, once the organization information is
updated, the organization service will add a message to the
Kafka topic so the licensing service can be aware of the
change.
Once the message arrives at the licensing service, this
service will store the specific information in Redis's in-
memory database. Throughout this process, the architecture
will use distributed tracing from Zipkin, ElasticSearch,
Logstash, and Zipkin to manage and display the logs and
Spring Boot Actuator, Prometheus, and Grafana to expose
and display the application metrics.
As we move forward, we will see topics such as Spring Boot,
Spring Cloud, Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana, Prometheus,

Grafana, and Kafka, among others. All these technologies
may sound complicated, but we will see how to create and
integrate the different components that make up the
diagram as we progress through the book.

1.4 What is this book about?
The scope of this book is broad; it covers everything from
basic definitions to more complex implementations to create
a microservices architecture.
1.4.1 What you’ll learn in this book
This book is about building microservice-based applications
using a variety of Spring projects such as Spring Boot and
Spring Cloud that can be deployed locally, in a private cloud
run by your company or a public cloud such as Amazon,
Google, or Azure. This book covers the following topics:
· What a microservice is, best practices, and design
considerations that go into building a microservice-based
application.
· When you shouldn’t build a microservice-based
application.
· How to build microservices using the Spring Boot
framework.
· The core operational patterns that need to be in place to
support microservice applications, particularly a cloud-
base application.
· What is docker and how to integrate it with a
microservice-based application.
· How you can use Spring Cloud to implement the
operational patterns I will describe further in this
chapter.
· How to create application metrics and visualize them in a
monitoring tool.
· How to achieve a distributed tracing with Zipkin, Sleuth.

· How to manage application logs with ELK Stack.
· How to take what you’ve learned and build a deployment
pipeline that can be used to deploy your services locally,
to a private internally managed cloud or a public cloud
provider.
By the time you’re done reading this book, you should have
the knowledge needed to build and deploy a Spring Boot-
based microservice. You’ll also understand the key design
decisions needed to operationalize your microservices. You’ll
realize how service configuration management, service
discovery, messaging, logging and tracing, security all fit
together to deliver a robust microservices environment.
Finally, you’ll see how your microservices can be deployed
using different technologies.
1.4.2 Why is this book relevant to you?
I suspect that if you have reached this point, it is because
you:
· Are a Java Developer or have a strong grasp in Java
· Have a background in Spring.
· Are interested in learning how to build microservice-
based applications.
· Are interested in how to use microservices to build cloud-
based applications.
· Want to know if Java and Spring are relevant
technologies for building microservice-based
applications.
· Want to know what the cutting-edge technologies are to
achieve a microservice architecture.
· Are interested in seeing what goes into deploying a
microservice-based application to the cloud.

This book aims to offer a detailed guide on how to
implement a microservices architecture in Java. It will
provide descriptive and visual information and a lot of
hands-on code examples to give a programmatic guide of
how to implement such architecture using the latest versions
of different Spring projects such as Spring Boot and Spring
Cloud.
Additionally, this book aims to provide an introduction to the
microservice patterns, best practices, infrastructure
technologies that go hand by hand with this type of
architectures to simulate a real-world application
development environment.
Let’s shift gears for a moment and walk through building a
simple microservice using Spring Boot.
1.5 Cloud and microservice-based
applications
In this section, we’ll see how to create a microservice using
Spring Boot and why the cloud is relevant to microservice-
based applications.
1.5.1 Building a microservice with Spring Boot
This section will not provide a detailed walkthrough of much
of the code on how to create the microservices but just a
brief introduction on how to create a service. The main idea
is to show how simple it is to create a service using Spring

Boot; for this, we’re going to create a simple REST-service of
"Hello World." With one main endpoint that uses the GET
HTTP verb. This service endpoint will receive the parameters
as request parameters, URL parameters (also known as path
variables). Chapter 2 goes into much more detail.
This example is by no means exhaustive or even illustrative
of how you should build a production-level microservice, but
it should cause you to take a pause because of how little
code it took to write it. We won’t go through how to set up
the project build files or the details of the code until chapter
2. If you’d like to see the Maven pom.xml file and the actual
code, you can find it in the chapter 1 section of the
downloadable code. All the source code for chapter 1 can be
retrieved from the GitHub repository for the book at
https://github.com/ihuaylupo/manning-
smia/tree/master/chapter1
Figure 1.4 shows what the REST-service is going to do and
the general flow of how Spring Boot microservice will
process a user’s request.

Figure 1.4 Spring Boot abstracts away the common REST
microservice task (routing to business logic, parsing HTTP parameters
from the URL, mapping JSON to/from Java Objects), and lets the
developer focus on the business logic for the service. This figure
shows three different ways to pass parameters to our controller.
For this example, you’re going to have a single Java class
called
com/huaylupo/spmia/ch01/SimpleApplication/Application.jav
a that will be used to expose a REST endpoint called /hello.
The following listing shows the code for Application.java.
Listing 1.1 Hello World with Spring Boot: a (very) simple Spring
Microservice

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@SpringBootApplication #A
@RestController #B
@RequestMapping(value="hello") #C
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
@GetMapping(value="/{firstName}") #D
public String helloGET(
@PathVariable("firstName") String firstName, #E
@RequestParam("lastName") String lastName) { #E
return String.format("{"message":"Hello %s %s"}", #F
firstName, lastName);
}
}
class HelloRequest{ #G
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
}

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John’s Wood, London 27 Dec. 1855. Josiah Conder, a memoir
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h.p.; a painter at Plymouth; chiefly produced small water-
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Plymouth 1818; a painter at Plymouth; exhibited three sea
pieces at R.A. 1842–5, which gave hopes of his becoming a
distinguished artist. d. The Grove, Plymouth 20 May 1851.
Reminiscences of a yachting cruise by Mrs. N. M. Condy with
drawings by T. G. Dutton from sketches by N. M. Condy 1852,
portrait.
CONGLETON, John Vesey Parnell, 2 Baron (eld. son of 1 Baron
Congleton 1776–1842). b. Baker st. London 16 June 1805; ed.
at Edin.; received a commission in the army which he never
took up; became acquainted with A. N. Groves in Dublin 1827,
conveyed him to Russia in the yacht The Osprey 1829; took a
room in Aungier st. Dublin for The Brethren 1829; travelled in
the East 1830–4 and in India 1834–7; resided at Teignmouth
where he lived with great simplicity, preached to The Brethren
congregations and spent nearly all his capital in good works
1837–42; succeeded 8 June 1842; resided at Islington 1842–6,
at Brighton 1846–9, in London 1849 to death; minister in the
Orchard st. chapel, London 1849–60, in the Welbeck st. chapel
1860 to death; gave one half his income in charity; author of
The resurrection life, a tract 1845, 13 editions; The true idea of
Baptism 1850; The Psalms, a new version 1860, another ed.

1875, and of many tracts. d. 53 Great Cumberland place,
London 23 Oct. 1883. bur. Kensal Green cemetery where
upwards of 1000 Plymouth Brethren attended. Memoir of Lord
Congleton by H. Groves 1884, portrait.
CONGREVE, George. Ensign 29 foot 8 April 1825, lieut.-col. 11
Feb. 1846 to 29 Sep. 1859 when placed on h.p.; C.B. 24 May
1847; quartermaster general East Indies 28 Nov. 1854 to
1860; M.G. 20 July 1860. d. Simla 30 April 1861.
CONGREVE, Sir William Augustus, 3 Baronet (eld. son of Sir Wm.
Congreve 2 baronet 1772–1828). b. 1827; succeeded 16 May
1828; last heard of in 1860 when he was in Sydney and
proposed going to Omaha in Fiji islands; advertised for in The
Times 17 Feb. 1882 p. 1 col. 2. Sir James Hannen judge of the
Court of Probate directed letters of administration to issue 30
Nov. 1882, presuming that his death took place 14 Feb. 1860
when he wrote his last letter home.
CONINGHAM, Henry. Entered Madras army 1819; col. 7 Madras
light cavalry 24 Oct. 1858 to death; L.G. 6 Nov. 1866. d. Nice
21 April 1868 aged 70.
CONINGHAM, William (son of Rev. Robert Coningham of
Londonderry). b. Rose hill near Penzance 1815; cornet 1
dragoons 1834–6; contested Brighton, July 1847 and
Westminster, July 1852; M.P. for Brighton 28 March 1857 to
Jany. 1864; published Twelve letters by John Sterling [to
William Coningham] 1851, 3 ed. [1872]; Lord Palmerston and
Prince Albert.... Letters by W. Coningham, together with “The
suppressed pamphlet,” entitled “Palmerston, what has he
done?” by “One of the people” 1854, and other books. d. 6
Lewes crescent, Kemp Town, Brighton 20 Dec. 1884.
CONINGTON, Francis Thirkill (3 son of Rev. Richard Conington,
Minister of chapel of ease, Boston, Lincs. who d. 25 Sep. 1861
aged 65). Matric. from C.C. coll. Ox. 12 June 1846 aged 18;
fellow of his coll. 1849 to death; B.A. 1850, M.A. 1853;

examiner in science in Univ. of Ox. 1860–1; author of
Handbook of chemical analysis 1858; contributed to periodicals
1860 to death. d. Boston 20 Nov. 1863 aged 35.
CONINGTON, John (brother of the preceding). b. Boston 10 Aug.
1825; ed. at Beverley gr. sch., Rugby and Magd. coll. Ox.,
demy, June 1843; Hertford and Ireland scholar 1844; scholar
of Univ. coll. March 1846, fellow May 1847 to 1855; sec. of
Union Society 1845, pres. 1846, librarian 1847; B.A. 1847, M.A.
1850; Eldon law scholar for 6 months 1849; student at L.I.
June 1849 but not called to bar; contributed to Morning
Chronicle 1849–50; Corpus professor of Latin in Univ. of Ox.
June 1854 to death; published The Agamemnon of Æschylus
translated into English verse 1848; On the academical study of
Latin 1855; The works of Virgil with a commentary 3 vols.
1858–70; The odes and carmen seculare of Horace translated
into English verse 1863, 4 ed. 1870; The Æneid of Virgil
translated into English verse 1866, 3 ed. 1870. d. Boston 23
Oct. 1869. bur. Fishtoft churchyard 26 Oct. Miscellaneous
writings of John Conington edited by J. A. Symonds with a
memoir by H. J. S. Smith 2 vols. 1872; Memoirs of Mark
Pattison (1885) 245–52.
CONNELL, Arthur (eld. son of Sir John Connell, judge of the
admiralty court of Scotland). b. Edinburgh 30 Nov. 1794; ed. at
High sch. and Univ. of Edin.; Snell exhibitioner at Univ. of
Glasgow; matric. from Balliol coll. Ox. 20 March 1812; passed
advocate at Scotch bar 1817 but never practised; professor of
chemistry in Univ. of St. Andrews 1840–56; F.R.S. Edin. 1829,
F.R.S. 1855; established several new mineral species; author of
A treatise on the election laws in Scotland 1827, many papers
in Trans. of Royal Soc. of Edin. and in Edin. Philos. Journal. d.
St. Andrew’s, Fife 31 Oct. 1863.
CONNELLAN, Owen. b. co. Sligo 1800; employed as a scribe in
Royal Irish academy more than 20 years; Irish historiographer
to George iv and William iv 1821–37; professor of Irish in

Queen’s college, Cork 1849 to death; author of The gospel
according to St. John, in Irish with an English translation 1830;
A Dissertation on Irish grammar 1834; The annals of Ireland
translated from the original Irish of the Four Masters 1846;
The proceedings of the Great Bardic Institution 1854 being vol.
5 of Transactions of Ossianic Society. d. Dublin 1869.
CONNELLAN, Thaddeus. Author of The two first books of the
Pentateuch, the types cut from Irish MSS. 1820; The Irish-
English guide to the Irish language 1824; The King’s Letter
translated into Irish 1825; The Irish-English spelling book
1825; The Irish-English primer 1825; Easy lessons on money
matters, commerce, trade, wages etc. 1835; Psalma Daibi
1836; The Gospel of St. Matthew in Irish 1840; The Acts of the
Apostles in Irish 1840. d. Sligo 25 July 1854.
CONNOLLY, William Hallett. Second lieut. R.M. 8 May 1795,
lieut.-col. 16 April 1832, col. commandant of Woolwich division
10 July 1837 to 1842 when he retired on full pay; general 20
June 1855. d. King’s terrace, Southsea 20 June 1861 aged 79.
CONNOP, Richard. Ensign 93 foot 30 Dec. 1813, captain 25 Sep.
1817 to 19 Sep. 1826 when placed on h.p.; L.G. 31 March
1866. d. Dawlish 5 Feb. 1867 aged 75.
CONNOR, Very Rev. George Henry (eld. son of George Connor,
master in chancery in Ireland). b. 21 Dec. 1822; ed. at Trin.
coll. Dublin, B.A. 1845, M.A. 1851; M.A. at Ox. 1859; V. of
Newport, Isle of Wight 1852–82; hon. chaplain to the Queen
11 Oct. 1872, chaplain in ord. 8 Feb. 1875, resident chaplain in
ord. 2 Nov. 1882 to death; dean of Windsor 30 Oct. 1882,
installed 10 Nov. 1882. d. The deanery, Windsor castle 1 May
1883. Church portrait journal i, 93 (1880), portrait; Graphic
xxvi, 412 (1882), portrait.
CONNOR, Skeffington. b. Dublin 1810; ed. at Trin. coll. Dublin,
B.A. 1828, LL.B. and LLD. 1845; called to Irish bar 1838; called
to Canadian bar at Toronto 1842; bencher of Canadian law

society 1850, Q.C. 1850; represented South Oxford in
legislative assembly 1856–63; solicitor general for Upper
Canada 1858; puisne judge of Court of Queen’s Bench, Upper
Canada 1 Feb. 1863. d. Toronto 29 April 1863.
CONOLLY, Henry Valentine (son of Valentine Conolly of 37
Portland place, London, who d. 2 Dec. 1819). b. 5 Dec. 1806;
ed. at Rugby; a writer in Madras civil service 19 May 1824;
collector and magistrate in Malabar 1841 to death; murdered
by some Mopla fanatics in his house at Calicut 11 Sep. 1855;
there is a monument to him in the cathedral Madras, and a
scholarship was founded in his memory at the Madras
University.
CONOLLY, James. b. 19 Feb. 1818; cornet 5 dragoon guards 17
June 1836; deputy adjutant general Canada 6 Dec. 1861 to 20
May 1865; assistant quartermaster general at Aldershot 7 Nov.
1867 to 31 Aug. 1869; military attaché at Vienna 1869–71, at
Paris 5 April 1871 to 30 Dec. 1880; L.G. 26 Dec. 1880; placed
on retired list with hon. rank of general 19 Feb. 1885; C.B. 29
May 1875. d. Wiesbaden 22 June 1885.
CONOLLY, John (son of Mr. Conolly of Market Rasen, Lincs. who
d. 1799). b. Market Rasen 27 May 1794; ensign in
Cambridgeshire militia 1812–16; studied at Univ. of Edin.
1817–21, M.D. 1821; physician at Chichester 1822–23, at
Stratford-on-Avon 1823–7; professor of practice of medicine in
Univ. coll. London 1828–30; practised at Warwick 1830–8;
resident phys. to Middlesex county asylum at Hanwell 1 June
1839 to 1844, where he entirely abolished restraint; kept a
private asylum at Lawn house near Hanwell 1852 to death; an
original member of British medical Assoc. 1832, of Ethnological
Soc. 1843; author of The construction and government of
lunatic asylums 1847; The treatment of the insane without
mechanical restraints 1856; A study of Hamlet 1863. d. Lawn
House near Hanwell 5 March 1866. Sir James Clark’s Memoir of

J. Conolly 1869; Medical Circular ii, 469–70 (1853), portrait;
I.L.N. xlviii, 317 (1866), portrait.
CONOLLY, Thomas. b. Kilcooly abbey, Tipperary 23 Feb. 1823; ed.
at Harrow and Ch. Ch. Ox.; sheriff of Donegal 1848; M.P. for
Donegal 20 Feb. 1849 to death. d. Castletown house,
Celbridge, Kildare 10 Aug. 1876.
CONQUEST, Benjamin Oliver, stage name of Benjamin Oliver. b.
near St. Michael’s church, Cornhill, London 1805; first
appeared on the stage as a witch in Macbeth at Lyceum
theatre; acted at Pavilion theatre 1827; sang song of Billy
Barlow 4 times every night for 28 weeks; projected and
opened with Wyman and Freer the Garrick theatre,
Whitechapel 1830, proprietor of it with Gomersal to 4 Nov.
1846 when it was burned down; landlord of “The Hampshire
Hog” tavern 410 Strand, London 1847–51; lessee of Grecian
theatre, City road, London at rent of £1300, 4 March 1851 to
death. d. New north road, London 5 July 1872. Actors by
daylight i, 337 (1839) portrait.
CONQUEST, John Tricker. b. Chatham, Kent 1789; assistant
surgeon military depot, Chatham 1808; studied at Univ. of
Edin., M.D. 1813; L.C.P. London, Dec. 1819; gave 4 courses of
lectures on midwifery yearly at his house 4 Aldermanbury
Postern, London about 1820–4; lecturer on midwifery at St.
Bartholomew’s hospital 1825; noted for his operation of
tapping for hydrocephalus; author of Outlines of midwifery
1820, 6 ed. 1854; The Holy Bible with twenty thousand
emendations 1841; Letters to a mother on the management of
herself and her children in health and disease 1848, 4 ed.
1852. d. The Oaks, Plumstead common 24 Oct. 1866 aged 77.
Medical Circular iii, 51–53 (1853), portrait; Physic and
physicians ii, 265–67 (1839).
CONRAN, George. Second lieut. Madras artillery 27 July 1811,
col. commandant 15 May 1851 to death; general 14 Dec.
1868. d. Bath 28 Aug. 1869 aged 76.

CONROY, Sir Edward, 2 Baronet (eld. son of Sir John Conroy 1
baronet 1786–1854). b. Dublin 6 Dec. 1809; ed. at Ch. Ch.
Ox., B.A. 1830, M.A. 1834; attaché to special mission to
Brussels 1831–8; deputy registrar of births, deaths and
marriages in London 1836–42. d. Arborfield near Reading 3
Nov. 1869.
CONROY, Right Rev. George (son of Nicholas Conroy). Professor
of dogmatic theology, All Hallow’s college, Dublin 1857–66;
sec. to Cardinal Cullen, and professor of dogmatic theology in
Holy Cross college, Clonliffe 1866–7; bishop of Ardagh 1871 to
death; consecrated in St. Mel’s cathedral, Longford 11 April
1871; author of Occasional sermons, addresses and essays
1884. d. St. John’s, Newfoundland 4 Aug. 1878.
CONROY, Sir John, 1 Baronet (eld. son of John Ponsonby Conroy
of Bettyfield, co. Roscommon 1759–97). b. Caerhyn,
Carnarvonshire 21 Oct. 1786; second lieut. R.A. 8 Sep. 1803,
second captain 13 March 1811 to 17 June 1822 when placed
on permanent h.p.; K.C.H. 17 Aug. 1827; comptroller of the
household to Duchess of Kent to 1837 when he retired on
pension of £3000; created baronet 7 July 1837; comr. of
Colonial audit board; sheriff of Montgomeryshire 1843; col. of
Montgomeryshire militia 30 Aug. 1852. d. Arborfield near
Reading 2 March 1854.
CONSTABLE, Henry (son of a small tradesman). b. Birmingham
10 April 1851; taught riding by T. Stevens on the Ilsley Downs;
apprenticed to Wm. Reeves at Epsom 1867–71; first rode at
Wye meeting on Skittles 1870; headed list of winning jockeys
1873, taking 110 races out of 395 mounts; won the Derby on
Mr. W. S. Crawfurd’s Sefton 1878; first jockey and trainer to
Lord Rosebery. d. Epsom 17 Feb. 1881. Illust. sporting and
dramatic news i, 61 (1874), portrait, iii, 261 (1875), portrait,
xiv, 563, 572 (1881), portrait; Baily’s Mag. xxv (1874), portrait.
CONSTABLE, Thomas (youngest son of Archibald Constable of
Edinburgh, publisher 1774–1827). b. Craigcrook near Edin. 29

June 1812; learned printing with C. Richards of St. Martin’s
lane, London; printer and publisher in Edin. to 1860; Her
Majesty’s printer and publisher 7 Sep. 1839; issued Constable’s
Miscellany of foreign literature 10 vols. 1854–5; issued
Constable’s Educational series 36 vols. 1857–72; published The
works of Dugald Stewart edited by Sir W. Hamilton 10 vols.
1854; author of Archibald Constable and his literary
correspondents 3 vols. 1873; Memoir of Lewis D. B. Gordon
1877, privately printed; Memoir of Rev. C. A. C. de Boinville
1880. d. Marston Biggot rectory, Frome, Somerset 26 May
1881.
CONSTABLE, Sir Thomas Aston Clifford, 2 Baronet. b. Tixall hall,
Staffs. 3 May 1806; succeeded 25 Feb. 1823. d. Burton
Constable, Yorkshire 22 Dec. 1870.
CONWAY, Frederick B. (son of Wm. A. Conway, actor 1780–
1828). b. London 10 Feb. 1819; made his first appearance at
Princess’s theatre 4 Oct. 1847; went to the United States 1850
where he acted with Edwin Forrest playing Iago to his Othello,
De Mauprat to his Richelieu and other companion parts;
opened Pike’s opera house Cincinnati 1859; played at Sadler’s
Wells theatre, London 1861; played leading parts at New
Brooklyn theatre, New York 1864–73. d. Manchester,
Massachusetts 6 Sep. 1874.
CONWAY, Thomas Sydenham. b. 7 June 1810; ensign 22 foot 14
Feb. 1828; deputy adjutant general Bombay 1849–51; captain
Grenadier guards 14 July 1854 to 8 March 1864 when placed
on h.p.; placed on retired list with hon. rank of general 7 June
1880; C.B. 4 July 1843. d. 19 Bury st. St. James’s, London 7
June 1885.
CONY, Barkham. b. Ely 5 Nov. 1802; made his first appearance in
London 1828 at Coburg theatre in Love me, love my dog; first
appeared in America 1835 with a number of well-trained dogs
who assisted in the performance which consisted of Forest of
Bondy and Cherokee Chief; played successful engagements all

over the United States and Great Britain; styled the “Dog Star.”
d. Chicago 1 Jany. 1858.
CONYBEARE, Very Rev. William Daniel (son of Rev. Wm.
Conybeare, R. of St. Botolph, Bishopsgate, London, who d. 5
April 1815 aged 76). b. London 7 June 1787; ed. at
Westminster and Ch. Ch. Ox., B.A. 1808, M.A. 1811; founded
with Sir Henry de la Beche, Bristol Philosophical and Literary
Institution 1817; corresponding member of French Institute; V.
of Sully, Glamorganshire 1821–36; V. of Axminster 1836–44;
Bampton lecturer 1839; dean of Llandaff 29 Sep. 1844 to
death; F.R.S. 9 Dec. 1819, F.G.S. 1821; gave the name of
Plesiosaurus to a new genus of reptilia forming an intermediate
link between the Ichthyosaurus and Crocodile; author of
Elementary course of theological lectures 1836; Geological
memoir of the landslip in Devon 1840; author with Wm.
Phillips of Outlines of the geology of England and Wales 1822.
d. Itchenstoke near Portsmouth 12 Aug. 1857. Quarterly
Journal of Geol. Soc. xiv, 24–32 (1858); Proc. of Royal Soc. ix,
50–2 (1857); G.M. iii, 335–7 (1857); I.L.N. xxxi, 309 (1857),
portrait.
CONYBEARE, Rev. William John (eld. son of the preceding). b. 1
Aug. 1815; ed. at Westminster and Trin. coll. Cam., fellow, 15
wrangler and 3 classic 1837, B.A. 1837, M.A. 1840; Whitehall
preacher 1841; principal of the newly founded Liverpool
Collegiate Institution 1842–8; V. of Axminster 1848–54; author
of Essays ecclesiastical and social 1855; Perversion, or the
causes and consequences of infidelity, a tale for the times 3
vols. 1856 anon.; author with Rev. J. S. Howson of The life and
epistles of St. Paul 2 vols. 1852. d. of consumption at
Weybridge 22 July 1857.
CONYNGHAM, Francis Nathaniel Conyngham, 2 Marquis (2 son of 1
Marquis Conyngham 1766–1832). b. Dublin 11 June 1797;
cornet 2 life guards 21 Sep. 1820, lieut. 13 Dec. 1821 to 12
June 1823 when placed on h.p.; under sec. of state for foreign

affairs 6 Jany. 1823 to 2 Jany. 1826; M.P. for co. Donegal 1825
to 1832; a lord of the treasury 30 April 1826 to 30 April 1827;
succeeded 28 Dec. 1832; postmaster general 5 July to 31 Dec.
1834 and 8 to 30 May 1835; lord chamberlain of the
household, May 1835 to 6 May 1839; G.C.H. 1823; K.P. 27
March 1833; P.C. 20 May 1835; lord lieut. of co. Meath 27 May
1869 to death; general 21 March 1874. d. 5 Hamilton place,
Piccadilly, London 17 July 1876, personalty sworn under
£500,000, 9 Sep. 1876. I.L.N. lxix, 113, 119, 255 (1876),
portrait; Graphic xiv, 102, 108 (1876), portrait.
CONYNGHAM, George Henry Conyngham, 3 Marquis. b. London 3
Feb. 1825; cornet 2 dragoons 31 Dec. 1844; major 1 life
guards 24 Aug. 1861 to 13 June 1868 when placed on h.p.;
equerry to the Queen 30 Sep. 1872 to death; succeeded 17
July 1876; col. Royal East Kent yeomanry cavalry 16 Jany.
1878 to death; placed on retired list with hon. rank of L.G. 1
July 1881. d. Belgrave sq. London 2 June 1882.
CONYNGHAM, Francis Nathaniel (brother of the preceding). b.
Goodwood 24 Sep. 1832; served in R.N. 1846–60; M.P. for
Clare 1857–9 and 1874–80. d. The Muirshiel, Lockwinnock,
Renfrewshire 14 Sep. 1880.
COODE, George (eld. son of Manners Benson Coode of St.
Helier’s, Jersey). b. 1807; barrister I.T. 7 June 1833; assistant
sec. to Poor law commission 18 Aug. 1834 to 13 June 1846;
drafted the Irish poor law act, 1 & 2 Vict. c. 56; comr. for
consolidating the statute law 1853; comr. for inquiry into state
of education in England 1859; author of Report on the law of
settlement and removal of the poor 1851; On legislative
expression 1853; article on the Poor laws in Encyclopædia
Britannica, 8 ed. xviii, 295–316 (1859); Report of local taxation
and digest of the laws relating to 24 local taxes 1862; Report
on the fire insurance duties 1862. d. Roselands, Walmer, Kent
27 Sep. 1869. Law mag. and law review xxviii, 178, 318–25
(1870).

COODE, Sir John Henry (son of Edward Coode of Penryn,
Cornwall). b. Penryn 11 Feb. 1779; entered navy 16 June
1793; captain 21 Oct. 1810; R.A. 26 June 1847; V.A. on h.p. 27
May 1854, pensioned 10 Dec. 1855; C.B. 19 Sep. 1816, K.C.B.
5 July 1855. d. Plymouth 19 Jany. 1858.
COOK, Alexander Shank (son of Rev. George Cook, professor of
moral philosophy at St. Andrews). b. 9 Dec. 1810; ed. at St.
Andrews; advocate at Edin. 1834; procurator for church of
Scotland 1861 to death; advocate depute; sheriff of Ross and
Cromarty 22 March 1858 to death. d. Edinburgh 16 Jany. 1869.
COOK, Edward Dutton (eld. child of George Simon Cook of Tudor
st. Blackfriars, London, solicitor, who d. 12 Sep. 1852). b. 9
Grenville st. Brunswick sq. London 30 Jany. 1829; articled to
his father; pupil of Rolt the painter; dramatic critic of Pall Mall
Gazette 1867 to Oct. 1875, of The World Oct. 1875 to death;
edited Cornhill Mag. 1868–71; wrote all the lives of dramatists
and actors in letter A of Dictionary of national biography 1885;
author of Paul Foster’s Daughter 3 vols. 1861; Leo 3 vols.
1863; Hobson’s Choice, a story 1867; Art in England, notes
and studies 1869; A book of the play 2 vols. 1876; Hours with
the players 2 vols. 1881; On the stage 1883 and 9 other
books. d. suddenly outside his house 69 Gloucester crescent,
Regent’s park, London 11 Sep. 1883. Longman’s Mag. Dec.
1883 pp. 179–87; Theatre, Nov. 1883, 212, 272, portrait;
Graphic xxviii, 321 (1883), portrait.
COOK, Henry David. Writer Madras civil service 1835; civil and
sessions judge, Calicut 1857–66; civil and sessions judge,
Coimbatore 1866 to 18 Sep. 1870 when he retired on annuity.
d. England 16 June 1882.
COOK, James. Edited Paisley and Renfrewshire Gazette from its
commencement Oct. 1864 to his death; author of Bibliography
of the writings of Charles Dickens 1879. d. Paisley 25 Oct.
1882 aged 65.

COOK, Rev. John (eld. son of Rev. John Cook 1771–1824,
professor of biblical criticism in Univ. of St. Andrews). b. St.
Andrews 1 Sep. 1807; ed. at Univ. of St. Andrews, A.M. 1823,
D.D. 9 Dec. 1848; licensed for ministry of Church of Scotland
13 Aug. 1828; minister of Laurencekirk 1829–45; minister of
St. Leonard’s in St. Andrews 1845–63; moderator of General
Assembly 19 May 1859, convener of many of its important
committees; Emeritus professor of ecclesiastical history in Univ.
of St. Andrews 19 June 1860 to 30 July 1868; a dean of the
chapel royal, Sep. 1863; author of Evidence on church
patronage 1838; Six lectures on the Christian evidences 1852.
d. St. Andrews 17 April 1869.
COOK, Rev. John (eld. son of Rev. George Cook 1772–1845,
leader of the ‘moderate’ party in the Church of Scotland). b. 12
Sep. 1807; ed. at St. Andrews Univ., A.M. 1823, D.D. 1843;
licensed for ministry of Church of Scotland 17 Sep. 1828;
minister of Cults, Fifeshire 1832; translated to second charge
at Haddington 1833, to the first charge 1843; sub-clerk of the
Assembly 25 May 1859, principal clerk 22 May 1862,
moderator 24 May 1866; author of Styles of writs and forms of
procedure in the church courts of Scotland 1850, 4 ed. 1870.
d. Haddington 11 Sep. 1874.
COOK, John Douglas. b. Banchory-Ternan, Aberdeenshire 25
March 1811; held an appointment in India; sec. of commission
to inquire into revenues of Duchy of Cornwall; private sec. to
Lord Lincoln, governor of Ionian Islands; reported in
parliament for The Times; edited Morning Chronicle 1852–5;
edited Saturday Review from first number 3 Nov. 1855 to
death, joint owner of it with A. J. B. Beresford Hope, M.P. d.
G1 The Albany, Piccadilly, London 10 Aug. 1868. bur. Tintagel
churchyard. James Grant’s The Saturday Review its origin and
progress 1873.
COOK, Paul (son of Charles Cook of Jersey, Wesleyan minister).
President of French Methodist Conference; considered the

founder of French Sunday schools. d. Paris 2 May 1886 aged
59.
COOK, Richard. b. London 1784; ed. at Royal Academy; gold
medallist of Society of Arts 1832; A.R.A. 1816, R.A. 1822;
exhibited pictures chiefly historical; illustrated Scott’s Lady of
the Lake 1810. d. Cumberland place, Hyde park, London 11
March 1857. Sandby’s History of Royal Academy ii, 34 (1862).
COOK, Samuel. b. Camelford, Cornwall 1806; apprenticed to a
woollen manufacturer at Camelford 1815; a painter and glazier
at Plymouth; exhibited pictures chiefly coast scenes at New
Water-Colour Society in Pall Mall, London about 1830–59, a
member of the Society 1850; his “Early morning at the Lizard”
was sold to Rev. Henry Tozer for 137 guineas at Plymouth 7
Feb. 1882. d. near Plymouth 7 June 1859. Hayle Miscellany vol.
2 (1860), portrait.
COOK, Thomas. Entered navy 17 July 1807; lieutenant 1 June
1818; professor of fortification and artillery at H.E.I. Co.’s
military academy, Addiscombe, Jany. 1837 to death; F.R.S. 4
June 1840. d. Abbey road, St. John’s Wood, London 11 Dec.
1858.
COOKE, Edward. Barrister M.T. 12 Nov. 1819; judge of county
courts, circuit 11, Bradford 1854 to 1861 when he resigned;
author of The real cause of the high price of gold 1819; A
treatise on the law of insolvent debtors 1827, 2 ed. 1839. d. 2
Taviton st. Gordon sq. London 6 Feb. 1862 aged 70.
COOKE, Edward William (son of George Cooke of London, line
engraver 1781–1834). b. Pentonville, London 27 March 1811;
painted sign of the “Old Ship Hotel” at Brighton 1825; etched 2
series of plates entitled “Coast sketches” and “The British
Coast”; made 70 drawings of new London bridge 1825–31,
most of which were engraved and published 1833; executed a
series of pencil drawings for Earl de Grey 1832; travelled
abroad 1832–44; A.R.A. 1851, R.A. 1864; exhibited 129

pictures at R.A., 115 at B.I. and 3 at Suffolk st. gallery; 2 of his
pictures are in the National Gallery, “Dutch boats in calm” and
“The Boat house”; F.R.S. 4 June 1863; published Views in
London and its vicinity 1834; Grotesque animals invented,
drawn and described 1872; Leaves from my sketch book 2
series 1876–7. d. Glen Andred, Groombridge near Tunbridge
Wells 4 Jany. 1880. I.L.N. xlv, 173 (1864), portrait; Graphic xxi,
252 (1880), portrait.
COOKE, George. b. Manchester 7 March 1807; first appeared on
the stage at Walsall, March 1828; acted at Strand theatre,
London 1837, at Drury Lane 1839, at Marylebone 1847; played
at Strand theatre 1848, at Olympic theatre to death. (m. 1840
Eliza Stuart, she d. 13 June 1877 aged 74); committed suicide
4 March 1863. Theatrical Times iii, 376, 397 (1848), portrait.
COOKE, Rev. George Leigh (son of Rev. Samuel Cooke, V. of Great
Bookham, Surrey, who d. 30 March 1820). Matric. from Ball.
coll. Ox. 26 Jany. 1797 aged 17; scholar of C.C. coll. 1797,
fellow 1800–15, tutor; B.A. 1800, M.A. 1804, B.D. 1812;
Sedleian professor of natural philosophy in Univ. of Ox. 1818–
26; keeper of the Univ. archives 1818–26; V. of Cubbington,
Warws. 1820 to death; V. of Rissington Wick, Gloucs. 1820 to
death; P.C. of Hunningham, Warcs. 1820 to death; founded the
Literary Dining Club, sec. of it many years; author of The three
first sections and part of the seventh section of Newton’s
Principia 1850. d. Cubbington 29 March 1853 aged 73.
COOKE, George Wingrove (eld. son of T. H. Cooke of Bristol). b.
Bristol 1814; ed. at Jesus coll. Ox., B.A. 1834; barrister M.T. 30
Jany. 1835; contested Colchester, Feb. 1860, Marylebone, April
1861; special correspondent of The Times in China 1857–8;
copyhold and inclosure comr. Dec. 1862 to death; author of
Memoirs of Lord Bolingbroke 1835, 2 ed. 1836; The history of
party from the rise of the Whig and Tory factions to the
passing of the Reform bill 3 vols. 1836–37; Act for the
enclosure of commons with a treatise on the law of rights of

common 1846, 4 ed. 1864; Treatise on agricultural tenancies
1850, new ed. 1882; A treatise on the law and practice of
copyhold enfranchisement 1853; Inside Sebastopol 1856;
China and Lower Bengal 1858; Conquest and colonisation in
North Africa 1860. d. 25 Cheyne Walk, Chelsea 18 June 1865.
COOKE, Rev. Henry (youngest child of John Cooke of Grillagh
near Maghera, co. Londonderry, farmer). b. in farm house of
Grillagh 11 May 1788; matric. at Glasgow college, Nov. 1802;
licensed by the presbytery of Ballymena; pastor at Duneane
near Randalstown, co. Antrim 1808–10; minister at Donegore,
co. Antrim 1811–18; studied at Glasgow and Trin. coll. Dublin
1815–18; pastor of Killyleigh, co. Down 1818–29; moderator of
general synod of Ulster, June 1824; pastor of May st. chapel,
Belfast 24 Nov. 1829 to Feb. 1868; D.D. Jefferson college, U.S.
21 Oct. 1829; LLD. Dublin 9 Feb. 1837; granted freedom of
city of Dublin 6 Feb. 1839; challenged O’Connell to a public
discussion in Belfast 6 Jany. 1841, which he declined;
moderator of the general assembly 1841; agent for distribution
of Regium Donum 29 Nov. 1845 to death; professor of sacred
rhetoric, assembly’s college, Belfast, Sep. 1847 to death, pres.
of the college 1848 to death; dean of residence for
presbyterian church, Queen’s college, Belfast 1849; author of
Translations and paraphrases in verse for the use of the
Presbyterian church, Killyleigh 1821; edited, J. Brown’s Self-
interpreting Bible 1855, 2 ed. 1873. d. Ormean road, Belfast 13
Dec. 1868, statue of him erected at Belfast, Sep. 1875. J. S.
Porter’s Life of Rev. Henry Cooke (1871), portrait.
COOKE, James (son of Thomas Taplin Cooke, circus proprietor,
who d. 19 March 1866 aged 84). Leading rider of his father’s
company; the only real rival of the great Andrew Ducrow;
proprietor of a circus about 1837–49 and 1850–56; resided in
Edinburgh 1856 to death. d. Portobello, Edin. 5 Sep. 1869
aged 59.

COOKE, Sir John Henry. b. 1791; ensign 43 foot 15 March 1809;
captain 25 foot 27 July 1838 to 15 Dec. 1840 when placed on
h.p.; conducted Louis xviii from Ghent to Paris, June to July
1815; sub officer of corps of gentlemen at arms 2 Oct. 1844 to
16 Sep. 1862; ensign of Yeomen of the guard 16 Sep. 1862,
lieut. 2 Feb. 1866 to death; knighted at Windsor Castle 11 Dec.
1867. d. Albion villa, Upper heath, Hampstead 31 Jany. 1870.
COOKE, John P. b. Chester 31 Oct. 1820; leader of the orchestras
at Adelphi, Strand and Astley’s, London successively; leader at
Burton’s theatre, New York 1850; musical director at several
New York theatres; composed and arranged music for the
Winter’s Tale, Midsummer Night’s Dream and other
Shakespearean plays; wrote melodies for the Sea of Ice. d.
New York 4 Nov. 1865.
COOKE, Richard Harvey. Ensign 1 Foot Guards 20 Feb. 1798,
captain 7 Nov. 1811 to 26 March 1818; C.B. 22 June 1815. d.
45 Upper Brook st. London 8 Oct. 1856.
COOKE, Rev. Robert. b. Waterford about 1820; joined the
Congregation of Oblates of Mary Immaculate in France,
ordained priest; stationed at Grace Dieu, Leics., at Everingham
park, Yorkshire 1847–51; founded mission at Howden; restored
mission at Pocklington; stationed at Leeds 1851; introduced
the Oblates into Ireland, result being establishment of a
mission at Inchicore; established a house of his order at
Kilburn, London where a new church was erected 1879;
founded church of the English Martyrs, Tower Hill, London;
author of Pictures of youthful holiness 1872; Catholic
memories of the Tower of London 1875, translated into French
1875; Sketches of the life of Mgr. de Mazenod, bishop of
Marseilles and founder of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate 2
vols. 1879–82. d. London 18 June 1882. Gillow’s English
Catholics i, 557–8 (1885).
COOKE, Thomas (son of Mr. Cooke of Allerthorpe in the East
Riding of Yorkshire, shoemaker). b. Allerthorpe 8 March 1807;

kept a school at Allerthorpe 1823–9; optician at York about
1836 to death; made a telescope of 25 inches aperture 1863–8
which was mounted at Gateshead 1869, it is still the largest
and best in the United Kingdom; invented an automatic engine
for the graduation of circles, perfected the astronomical clock,
and built nearly 100 turret clocks for public institutions and
churches; F.R.A.S. 1859. d. 19 Oct. 1868.
COOKE, Thomas Potter (son of Mr. Cooke of London, surgeon,
who d. 1793). b. Titchfield st. Marylebone 23 April 1786;
served in navy 1796–1802, present in battle off Cape St.
Vincent 1797; made his début at Royalty theatre, Wellclose sq.
Jany. 1804; stage manager of Surrey theatre 1809–16; acted
at Lyceum 1820–2, at Covent Garden 1822–5; played Le
Monstre (Frankenstein) 80 nights, at Porte Saint Martin
theatre, Paris 1825–6; played at Adelphi 1828–9; his best
known part was William in Douglas Jerrold’s drama Black-eyed
Susan, which he acted over 100 nights from 6 June 1829 at
Surrey theatre; acted at Covent Garden 1829–34 and 1836, at
Drury Lane 1834–6; made his last appearance on the stage 2
May 1861 at Princess’s theatre; he is described by Christopher
North in Noctes Ambrosianæ as ‘the best sailor out of all sight
and hearing that ever trod the stage.’ d. 37 Thurloe sq. London
4 April 1864. Oxberry’s Dramatic Biography iii, 109 (1825),
portrait; Stirling’s Old Drury Lane ii, 105–11 (1881); Tallis’s
Illustrated life in London (1864) 33, 36, 40, 41, 3 portraits;
Actors by daylight 11 Aug. 1838 pp. 185–87, portrait.
Note.—He left by his will £2000 to the Dramatic College, the interest of which
was to be paid for a prize nautical drama, in compliance with the terms of the
grant ‘True to the core, a story of the Armada,’ a drama by Angiolo Robson
Slous was produced at Surrey theatre, London 8 Sep. 1866, the prize having
been awarded to him at Maybury college, Surrey 23 April 1866.
COOKE, Thomas Taplin. Proprietor of a circus, his company
consisted of his 19 sons and daughters; built the first circus in
Edinburgh 1835; chartered a vessel and shipped all his circus
to the United States 1837, where he performed to 1839 when

his circus and all his horses were burnt at Baltimore. d. 2
Barossa place, Brompton, London 19 March 1866 aged 84.
COOKE, Rev. William. b. 1806; minister in the Methodist New
Connexion body 1827 to death; filled in succession all the
important offices of his denomination; author of Christian
theology explained and defended 1846, new ed. 1879;
Discourses illustrative of sacred truth 1871; Explanations of
difficult portions of holy scripture; A survey of the unity,
harmony and growing evidence of sacred truth; The Shekinah,
or the presence and manifestation of Jehovah under the
several dispensations, and other works including a number of
polemical treatises in connexion with Roman Catholicism. d.
Burslem house, Forest Hill 25 Dec. 1884.
COOKE, William. Lessee and manager of Astley’s Amphitheatre,
Westminster bridge road, London 1855–60; took his farewell
benefit 30 Jany. 1860. d. 149 Acre lane, Brixton 6 May 1886.
COOKE, William Bernard (brother of George Cooke, engraver
1781–1834). b. London 1778; pupil of Wm. Angus the
engraver; published The Thames 1811 for which he engraved
nearly all the plates; published with his brother George Cooke
Picturesque views on the Southern coast of England 1814–26,
chiefly from drawings by Turner; illustrated 10 other works
1812–40. d. Camberwell, London 2 Aug. 1855.
COOKE, Sir William Bryan, 8 Baronet (younger son of Sir George
Cooke 7 baronet, who d. 2 June 1823). b. 3 March 1782; ed.
at Ch. Ch. Ox., B.A. 1803, M.A. 1806; ensign 1 foot guards 15
Oct. 1803 to 1808 when he sold out; lieut.-col. 3 West York
militia 26 Oct. 1811, col. 23 Feb. 1812 to 7 Dec. 1819;
contested city of York 1818; banker at Doncaster, Retford and
Worksop 1 Jany. 1819; succeeded 2 June 1823; the first mayor
of Doncaster 1836, alderman 1837–8; sheriff of Yorkshire
1845; author of The seize Quartiers of the family of Bryan
Cooke 1857. d. Wheatley hall near Doncaster 24 Dec. 1851.
G.M. xxxvii, 185–6 (1852).

COOKE, Sir William Fothergill (eld. son of Wm. Cooke, professor
of medicine at Durham Univ.) b. Ealing near London 1806; ed.
at Durham school and Univ. of Edin.; ensign 39 Madras N.I. 8
Jany. 1826, resigned his commission 1836; partner with
Charles Wheatstone, Nov. 1837, they patented magnetic
needle telegraph 12 June 1837; laid down a telegraph between
Paddington and West Drayton 1838–9, and from West Drayton
to Slough 1842; invented with Wheatstone the single needle
apparatus 1845; one of founders of Electro telegraph company
1846; received with Wheatstone the 4th royal Albert gold
medal 1867; A.I.C.E. 21 May 1867; knighted at Windsor Castle
11 Nov. 1869; granted civil list pension of £100, 25 July 1871;
author of Telegraphic Railways 1842. (m. 1838 Anna Louisa
dau. of Joseph Wheatley of Treeton, Yorkshire, she was
granted civil list pension of £50, 19 June 1880). d. 31 Castle st.
Farnham, Surrey 25 June 1879. W. T. Jeans’s Lives of the
electricians i, 134, 323 (1887); W. F. Cooke’s The electric
telegraph, was it invented by professor Wheatstone? 2 vols.
1857; Authorship of the practical electric telegraph of Great
Britain by Rev. T. F. Cooke 1868; Minutes of proc. of Instit. of
C.E. lviii, 358–64 (1879).
Note.—The merit of initiating the idea of an international exhibition has been
often warmly contested, but there is no doubt that the original proposition
was made to the Committee of the Society of Arts in 1844 by Sir W. F. Cooke.
COOKE, William John. b. Dublin 11 April 1797; pupil of his uncle
George Cooke the engraver; received from Society of Arts a
gold medal for improvements in engraving upon steel 1826;
employed upon the Annuals and other illustrated publications
to about 1840 when he left England and settled at Darmstadt;
engraved several pictures after Turner, Cox and Landseer. d.
Darmstadt 6 April 1865.
COOKESLEY, John. Entered navy 29 Jany. 1791; captain 7 Dec.
1818, retired 1 Oct. 1846; retired R.A. 8 July 1851; invented a
very simple and efficacious species of raft fully described and

illustrated in the Nautical Mag. iv, 73–77 (1835). d. Rackley,
Portishead near Bristol 25 Nov. 1852 aged 78.
COOKESLEY, Rev. William Gifford. b. Brasted, Kent 1 Dec. 1802;
ed. at Eton and King’s coll. Cam., B.A. 1826, M.A. 1829;
assistant master of Eton 1825–55; V. of Hayton, Yorkshire
1857–60; P.C. of St. Peter’s, Hammersmith 1860–8; R. of
Tempsford, Beds. 22 Oct. 1868 to death; published Selections
from Pindar 1838; Pindari Carmina 1844 2 vols. 1851; Selecta
e Catullo 1845; A revised translation of the New Testament
1859, and 13 other works. d. Tempsford rectory 16 Aug. 1880.
COOKSON, Rev. Henry Wilkinson (6 son of Thomas Cookson of
Kendal). b. Kendal 10 April 1810; ed. at Kendal, Sedbergh and
St. Peter’s coll. Cam., 7 wrangler 1832, B.A. 1832, M.A. 1835,
B.D. and D.D. 1848; tutor of his college, Master 3 Nov. 1847 to
death; R. of Glaston, Rutland 1847–61; vice-chancellor of Univ.
of Cam. 1848, 1863, 1864, 1872, 1873; member of council of
the Senate almost continuously from institution of that body
1856; pres. of Cambridge Philosophical Soc. 1865–6; declined
bishopric of Lichfield 1867. d. St. Peter’s college lodge,
Cambridge 30 Sep. 1876.
COOKSON, Isaac. b. 1776; a glass manufacturer at Newcastle to
1845; sheriff of Newcastle 1801, alderman 22 Sep. 1807,
mayor 1809–10; bought Meldon park, Northumberland for
56,900 guineas 19 April 1832; sheriff of Northumberland 1838.
d. Munich 8 Oct. 1851.
COOLEY, William Desborough. F.R.G.S. 1830, hon. free member
1864; granted civil list pension of £100, 4 Oct. 1858; wrote for
Lardner’s ‘Cabinet Cyclopædia’ The history of maritime and
inland discovery 3 vols. 1830–1; published The world surveyed
in the xix century 2 vols. 1845–8; Inner Africa laid open 1852;
Physical geography, or the terraqueous globe and its
phenomena 1876 and other works. d. 56 Crowndale road,
Somers Town, London 1 March 1883. Proc. of Royal Geog. Soc.
v, 232–3 (1883).

COOMBES, Robert. b. Vauxhall, London 1808; a waterman on
river Thames; sculled his first race 4 July 1836; beat J. Kelly 4
Oct. 1838; stroke in the winning four at Liverpool regatta 1840
beating 5 crews; beat H. Clasper on the Tyne 18 Dec. 1844;
beat C. Campbell 19 Aug. 1846 when he became champion of
the Thames; presented with a champion belt 28 Oct. 1846;
raced T. Cole for £200 a side 24 May 1852 when Cole won;
won the pairs with Wilson at Thames regatta 1845; with his
brother Tom Coombes beat Richard and Harry Clasper on the
Thames 1847; trained the Cambridge crew 1852; never
surpassed in speed and style during his time; author of Hints
on rowing and training 1852. d. Kent lunatic asylum, Maidstone
25 Feb. 1860. bur. Brompton cemetery, London 7 March. I.L.N.
29 May 1852 p. 436, portrait.
COOPE, Octavius Edward (3 son of John Coope of London, sugar
refiner). b. Leyspring, Essex 1814; a sugar refiner in London; a
partner in brewing firm of Ind, Coope and Co. at Romford,
Essex 1846, established a branch brewery at Burton-on-Trent
1856 the third largest brewing firm in Burton; M.P. for Great
Yarmouth 29 July 1847 to June 1848 when unseated on
petition; contested Tower Hamlets, Nov. 1868; M.P. for
Middlesex 14 Feb. 1874 to 18 Nov. 1885, for Brentford division
of Middlesex, Dec. 1885 to death; gave £15,000 towards
rebuilding Whitechapel church 1875. d. 41 Upper Brook st.
Grosvenor sq. London 27 Nov. 1886, personalty sworn upwards
of £542,000. Licensed Victuallers’ year book (1876) 80–81,
portrait; Morning Advertiser 29 Nov. 1886 p. 5 and 3 Dec. p. 2.
COOPER, Abraham (son of Mr. Cooper of Red Lion st. Holborn,
London, tobacconist). b. Red Lion st. 8 Sep. 1787; member of
the Artists’ fund 1812, chairman; awarded premium of 150
guineas by British Institution for his picture of the ‘Battle of
Waterloo’ 1816; A.R.A. 1817, R.A. 1820–66; exhibited 332
pictures at R.A. and 74 at British Institution 1812–69; pre-
eminent as a painter of battle pieces; furnished the illustrations
to Sporting, by Nimrod 1838, and other works. d. Woodbine

cottage, Woodlands, Greenwich 24 Dec. 1868. bur. Highgate
cemetery. J. Sherer’s Gallery of British artists ii, 4–7; Reg. and
mag. of biog. i, 131–2 (1869).
COOPER, Sir Astley Paston, 2 Baronet. b. Great Yarmouth 13
Jany. 1797; succeeded 12 Feb. 1841; sheriff of Herts. 1864. d.
Gadesbridge, Hemel Hempstead 6 Jany. 1866.
COOPER, Bransby Blake (eld. son of Rev. Samuel Lovick Cooper
1763–1817, R. of Bacton, Norfolk). b. Great Yarmouth 2 Sep.
1792; midshipman in the navy; second assistant surgeon R.A.
2 Dec. 1811 to 1 April 1816 when placed on permanent h.p.;
M.R.C.S. 1823, hon. fellow 1843, member of the council 1848;
brought an action against Thomas Wakley editor of The Lancet
for defamation of character, and obtained £100 damages 12
Dec. 1828; surgeon of Guy’s hospital, London to death; F.R.S.
18 June 1829; author of The life of Sir Astley Cooper baronet 2
vols. 1843; Lectures on the principles and practice of surgery
1851. d. Athenæum club, Pall Mall, London 18 Aug. 1853. J. F.
Clarke’s Autobiographical recollections of the medical
profession (1874) 520–6; Medical Circular ii, 511–14 (1853).
COOPER, Sir Charles (3 son of Thomas Cooper of Henley-on-
Thames). b. Henley-on-Thames, March 1795; barrister I.T. 9
Feb. 1827; judge of supreme court of South Australia 1839–56,
chief justice June 1856 to 1861; knighted at St. James’s palace
18 June 1857; Cooper’s Creek in Queensland was named after
him. d. 12 Pulteney st. Bath 24 May 1887.
COOPER, Charles Henry (eld. son of Basil Henry Cooper of Great
Marlow, solicitor, who d. 1813). b. Great Marlow 20 March
1808; resided at Cambridge 1826 to death; coroner of borough
of Cambridge 1 Jany. 1836; admitted solicitor, Nov. 1840; town
clerk of Cambridge 1849 to death; F.S.A. 10 April 1851; author
of A new guide to the university and town of Cambridge 1831
anon.; The annals of Cambridge 5 vols. 1842–53; The
memorials of Cambridge 3 vols. 1858–66; Memoirs of
Margaret, Countess of Richmond and Derby edited by Rev. J.

E. B. Mayor 1874; author with his eldest son Thompson Cooper
of Athenæ Cantabrigienses 2 vols. 1858–61; contributed to
Gent. Mag., Notes and Queries, and other antiquarian
publications. d. 29 Jesus lane, Cambridge 21 March 1866. Dict.
of Nat. Biog. xii, 139–40 (1887); Reliquary vii, 34–40 (1866).
COOPER, Charles Purton (son of Charles Cooper of St. Dunstan’s,
London). b. 1793; ed. at Wad. coll. Ox., double first class 1814,
B.A. 1814, M.A. 1817; barrister L.I. 18 Nov. 1816; obtained
leading practice in V.C. Knight-Bruce’s court, quarrelled with
him and left the court; Q.C. 1837; bencher of his Inn 1836,
treasurer 1855, master of the library 1856 to which he
presented 2000 vols. on civil and foreign law 1843; secretary
to Record Commission 12 March 1831 to 20 June 1837 when it
lapsed on the king’s death; Queen’s serjeant in Duchy of
Lancaster 1834 to death; F.R.S. 6 Dec. 1832; F.S.A.; contested
Canterbury 18 Aug. 1854 and 28 March 1857; author of Notes
in French on the Court of Chancery 1828, 2 ed. 1830; An
account of the public records of the United Kingdom 2 vols.
1832; Reports of cases decided by Lord Brougham 1835;
Reports of cases decided by Lords Cottenham and Langdale
and by V. G. Shadwell 1841; Reports of Lord Cottenham’s
decisions 2 vols. 1847; wrote, edited or printed 52 pamphlets
on political topics 1850–57. d. Boulogne 26 March 1873.
Report from the select committee on record commission
(1836) 1–275; Sir Henry Cole’s Fifty years of public work
(1834) i, 7, ii, 20, 23.
COOPER, Edward Joshua (eld. son of Edward Synge Cooper of
Dublin, who d. 1830). b. Stephens Green, Dublin, May 1798;
ed. at Armagh, Eton and Ch. Ch. Ox.; erected an observatory
at Markree castle, co. Sligo 1831 where he kept meteorological
registers 1833 to death; M.R.I.A. 1832, Cunningham gold
medallist 1858; M.P. for co. Sligo 1830–41 and 1857–9; F.R.S.
2 June 1853; author of Views in Egypt and Nubia 1824
privately printed; Catalogue of Stars near the Ecliptic observed
at Markree 4 vols. 1851–6 printed at Government expense,

and Cometic Orbits 1852. d. Markree castle 23 April 1863.
Proc. of Royal Soc. xiii, 1–3 (1864).
COOPER, Frederick Fox (son of Mr. Cooper of London, editor of
John Bull). b. 4 Jany. 1806; called Fox after his godfather C. J.
Fox, M.P.; articled to Isaac Cooper a stockbroker; managed
successively Olympic, Marylebone, Victoria, City of London and
Strand theatres; sec. to Duke of Cumberland as grand master
of the Orange lodges in England; examined 4 days before
House of Commons on subject of Orangeism 1835; proprietor
of the Nelson Examiner, New Zealand 1841; started with The
Chisholm, The Cerberus, a newspaper which under 4 heads
advocated 4 different lines of politics, No. 1, 17 June 1843, it
was published at 164 Strand, London down to 18 Nov. 1843;
author of The sons of Thespis, produced at Surrey theatre,
Jenny Jones, Fleet Prison, Master Humphrey’s Clock, Black
Sentinel, Rejected Addresses, The deserted village, and many
travesties and dramatic sketches. d. 56 Prince’s Road,
Lambeth, London 4 Jany. 1879. Theatrical Times ii, 177
(1847), portrait; Era 19 Jany. 1879 p. 12, col. 2.
COOPER, Frederick Henry (younger son of Rev. Allen Cooper,
incumbent of St. Mark’s, North Audley st. London). Entered
Bengal civil service 1847; comr. at Lahore to death; C.B. 18
May 1860; author of The Crisis in the Punjaub 1858; The
handbook for Delhi 1863. d. Trent rectory near Sherborne 22
April 1869 aged 42.
COOPER, George (son of Mr. Cooper, assistant organist at St.
Paul’s cathedral, who d. 1843). b. Lambeth 7 July 1820;
organist of St. Benet’s, Paul’s wharf, London 1834, of St. Anne
and St. Agnes 1836; assistant organist of St. Paul’s cathedral,
March 1838 to death; organist of St. Sepulchre’s 1843 to
death, of Christ’s hospital 1843, of the Chapel Royal, St.
James’s, Sep. 1856 to death; author of The organist’s
assistant; The organist’s manual 1851, 26 numbers; Organ
arrangements 3 vols. 1864 etc.; Classical extracts for the organ

1867–69, seven numbers; Introduction to the organ; Maud
Irving or the little orphan, An operetta in 5 acts 1872. d. 2 Oct.
1876. Musical Standard 7, 14, 21, 28 Oct. 1876, 18, 25 Nov., 9,
23 Dec.
COOPER, Henry. Ensign 62 foot 26 Feb. 1829; lieut. col. 45 foot
19 July 1848 to 1 May 1861; inspecting field officer 1861–2;
col. 79 foot 21 Aug. 1870 to 17 March 1876; col. 45 foot 17
March 1876 to death; general 1 Oct. 1877. d. Bottesham hall,
Cambs. 24 Aug. 1878.
COOPER, Henry Christopher, b. Bath 1819; solo violinist at Drury
Lane theatre 1830; principal violinist at Royal Italian opera;
leader at Philharmonic Society; violinist at provincial festivals;
conductor at Gaiety theatre, Glasgow to death; one of the
foremost of English school of violinists, d. 220 Hope st.
Glasgow 26 Jany. 1881.
COOPER, John (son of Mr. Cooper of Bath, locksmith). b. Bath
1790; apprenticed to a brush maker at Bath; first appeared on
the stage at Bath theatre 14 March 1811 as Inkle in Colman’s
drama Inkle and Yarico; first appeared in London at Haymarket
theatre 15 May 1811 as Count Montalban in The honeymoon
and received £4 a week; played at Liverpool some years as the
rival of Vandenhoff; played at Drury Lane theatre 1820–45,
stage manager; played at Princess’s theatre to 1859; had
studied 200 parts and was ready at very short notice to
undertake any of them; the last actor of the Kemble school;
lived at 6 Sandringham gardens, Ealing. d. Tunbridge Wells 13
July 1870. Oxberry’s Dramatic biog. v, 73–86 (1826), portrait;
Metropolitan Mag. xviii, 74–80 (1837); Jerrold’s Bride of
Ludgate (Lucy’s ed. 1872), portrait.
COOPER, John Ramsay. Chemist and druggist at 17 High st.
Canterbury; a prominent promoter of the blue riband
movement; invented phonic system of teaching reading, which
was adopted in many of the principal elementary schools in
England 1885; bankrupt on his own petition, June 1885; died

at the police station, Canterbury 5 July 1885 from taking a
solution of strychnia and about 15 or 20 grains of the salt;
coroner’s jury returned a verdict that he committed suicide
while of unsound mind.
COOPER, John Wilbye, always known as Wilbye Cooper. Tenor
vocalist to 1870; composed songs entitled Ah where are now
those happy hours 1852; The old cottager 1852; author of The
voice, the music of language and the soul of song, a short
essay on the art of singing 1874; edited Cramer’s Educational
Course consisting of Cramer’s Vocal Tutor 2 parts 1867, and
Cramer’s New Singing Method 4 parts 1872–74. d. 20
Castellain road, Maida hill, London 19 March 1885.
COOPER, Joseph Thomas. b. London 25 May 1819; organist of St.
Michael’s, Queenhithe 1837, of St. Paul’s, Balls Pond, London
1844, of Ch. Ch. Newgate st. 1866 to death, of Christ’s hospital
1876 to death; musical editor of Evening Hours, monthly mag.
March 1871; F.R.A.S. 1845. d. 113 Grosvenor road, Highbury
17 Nov. 1879.
COOPER, Robert. Educ. at Charter house school; went to
Canada; edited British Canadian paper at Toronto 1846; edited
Herald paper at London, Upper Canada; county judge of united
counties of Huron and Bruce 1856; published Rules and
practice of the Court of Chancery of Upper Canada, Toronto
1851. d. Goderich, Upper Canada 19 June 1866.
COOPER, Thomas Thornville (8 son of John J. Cooper of
Bishopwearmouth, coalfitter). b. Bishopwearmouth 13 Sep.
1839; made several journeys into interior of Australia; clerk in
house of Arbuthnot and Co. at Madras 1859–61; joined
Shanghai volunteers and helped to protect that city against
Taiping rebels 1863; attempted to penetrate from China
through Tibet to India 1868; attempted to enter China from
Assam 1869; political agent at Bamo; attached to political
department of India office, London; sent to India with
despatches and presents to the viceroy in connection with

imperial durbar of Delhi 1876; re-appointed political agent at
Bamo; author of Travels of a pioneer of commerce in pigtail
and petticoats 1871; Mishmee hills, an account of a journey
1873; murdered by a sepoy at Bamo 24 April 1878. W. Gill’s
River of Golden sand, new ed. 1883 introduction p. 108,
portrait and p. 323.
COOPER, Rev. William. R. of Wadingham, Lincs. March 1808 to
death; R. of West Rasen, Lincs. 1809 to death; chaplain in ord.
to the Sovereign 1830 to death. d. West Rasen rectory 24 Aug.
1856 aged 86.
COOPER, William (son of Charles Cooper of Norwich, barrister,
who d. 21 July 1836). b. 6 Jany. 1810; ed. at Norwich gr. sch.
and Linc. coll. Ox., B.A. 1830; barrister L.I. 10 June 1831;
comr. of bankruptcy for Norwich 1832–42; a revising barrister
for Leics. 1839 to death; standing counsel to Metropolitan
police; one of counsel to the Treasury; recorder of Ipswich,
Dec. 1874 to death; author of A sketch of the life of H. Cooper
and of C. Cooper 1856 and of 3 dramas The student of Jena
1842, Mokanna 1843 and Zopyrus 1856. d. 25 Great Russell st.
Bedford sq. London 17 Sep. 1877.
COOPER, William Durrant (eld. son of Thomas Cooper of Lewes,
solicitor 1789–1841). b. High st. Lewes 10 Jany. 1812; solicitor
at Lewes 1833–7; on parliamentary staff of Morning Chronicle
and Times 1837; solicitor to Reform club 1837; solicitor to
vestry of St. Pancras 20 Dec. 1858; F.S.A. 11 March 1841;
author of The parliamentary history of the county of Sussex
1834; A glossary of the provincialisms in use in Sussex,
privately printed 1836 which he published 1853; Seven letters
by Sterne and his friends 1844; The history of Winchelsea
1850; edited several books for the Camden and Shakespeare
Societies; author of many papers in Sussex Archæological
Collections vols. ii, to xxvi. d. 81 Guilford st. Russell sq. London
28 Dec. 1875. Sussex Archæological Collections xxvii, 117–32
(1877).

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