Std 12 Computer Chapter 7 Java Basics (Part 2)
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Chapter 7 of the document covers Java operators, including arithmetic, comparison, logical, conditional, and assignment operators, detailing their functions and examples. It also explains control structures such as loops (for, while, do-while) and selective structures (if statements, switch statements). The content is presented by Nuzhat Memon and includes practical examples and syntax.
![Presented by Nuzhat Memon
Brain Stroming Session
Which of the following is compiled error free?
(A)for(;;){int i=7}; (B) while (1) { int i=7};
(C) while (true){int i=7} (D) All of these
What will be output of following program?
class abc{
public static void main(string[] S){
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
SYSTEM.out.println(i);
}
}
}
(A) error (B) i (C) Display 1 to 10 (D) 1,2,3,…….10
10](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/std12computerjavabasicspart2-210510072813/85/Std-12-Computer-Chapter-7-Java-Basics-Part-2-10-320.jpg)
Std 12 Computer Chapter 7 Java Basics (Part 2)
- 1. Chapter 7 Java Basics (Part 2 – Operators in java) Presented by nuzhat memon Operat ors 1. Arithme tic Operato rs 2. Compari son operato rs 3. Logical Operato rs 4. Conditio nal operato rs 5. Assignm ent operato r
- 2. Chapter 7 Java Basics (Part 2 – Operators in java) Presented by nuzhat memon Operator s 1. Arithmetic Operators 2. Comparison operators 3. Logical Operators 4. Conditional operators 5. Assignment operator
- 3. Presented by Nuzhat Memon Operators + Operators are special symbols used to build an expression. 3 Operators 1. Arithmetic Operators 2. Comparison operators 3. Logical Operators 4. Conditional operators 5. Assignment operator
- 4. Presented by Nuzhat Memon 4 Basic arithmetic operators are +, – , *, / , % (Modulus) All these operators are binary, they take 2 operands. Used for byte, short, int, long, float, double and char (treated as int) Arithmetic Operators Operator Meaning Eg + Addition 2+8 – Subtraction 2-8 * Multiplication 2*8 / Division 8/2 % Reminder 8%3 ++ & -- is known as unary operators ++ is increment operator (which adds 1) and -- is decrement operator (which subtracts 1) Increment / Decrement Operators ++x pre-increment --x pre-decrement x++ post -increment x-- post-decrement Comparison operators are known as relational operators. The result of expression is boolean; either true or false Comparison Operators Operator Meaning > Greater than < Less than >= Greater than or equal to <= Less than or equal to == Equal to != Not equal to Logical operators known as boolean operators. Logical operators: AND, OR, XOR (Exclusive OR), NOT Logical Operators Operator Sign Use AND && Used to combine two values OR || Used to combine two values XOR ^ It returns true only if operands are different NOT ! Operant is true, result is false & vice versa Also known as ternary operator. Conditional operator uses 3 operands. It uses two symbols ? and : in the expression. Syntax : (boolean-expr) ? (expr1) : (expr2) To assign a value to variable by using the assignment operator ‘=’ Syntax: <variable> = <expression>; Variable on lefthand side of expression is lvalue (location in memory) Conditional Operator Operators Arithmetic Operator Increment and Decrement Operator Comparison Operator Logical Operator Assignment Operator Operator Operand1 Operand2 1 4 2 4 8 0 8/2 8%2
- 5. Presented by Nuzhat Memon If the conditional ternary is next = (N%2==0)?(N/2):(3*N+1); where N=7 then what will be the value of variable next? (A) 22 (B) 7 (C) 3.5 (D) 0 5 3*N+1 N%2==0 N/2 true false N=7 7%2==0 false 3*7+1 =22
- 6. Presented by Nuzhat Memon While using shorthand version of assignment, it is defined as a+=b where a is 7 and b is 8 then what will result of a ? (A) 8 (B) 49 (C) 14 (D) 15 6 <variable>=<variable><operator><expression> <variable><operator> = <expression>; a=a+b a+=b a=a-b a-=b a=a*b a*=b a=a/b a/=b a+=b a=a + b =7+ 8
- 7. Presented by Nuzhat Memon Thanks! Any questions? You can find me at: + nuzhatmemon.com + [email protected] 7
- 8. Presented by Nuzhat Memon 8 Branches/decision/selective Control Structures Do while loop Looping For loop While loop If statement Switch case In general, the statements are executed sequentially, one by one. Sometimes, program logic needs to change the flow of this sequence. The statements that enable to control the flow of execution are considered as control structures Control Structures
- 9. Presented by Nuzhat Memon 9 Entry controlled or pre-test loop constructs. It is used when numbers of iterations are pre-defined. Entry controlled or pre-test loop constructs. It is used when number of iterations are not pre-determined. Exit controlled or post-test loop constructs. Here, statements of loop are executed at least once. Do while loop Looping For loop While loop for (initialize; condition; iteration){ statements; } //initialize while (condition){ statements; increment/decrement statement; } //initialize Do{ statements; increment/decr statement; } while (condition); Loops are used to repeat a sequence of statements over and over until some condition occurs. Loop are executed if condition is true. Java supports 3 types of looping constructs: Looping
- 10. Presented by Nuzhat Memon Brain Stroming Session Which of the following is compiled error free? (A)for(;;){int i=7}; (B) while (1) { int i=7}; (C) while (true){int i=7} (D) All of these What will be output of following program? class abc{ public static void main(string[] S){ for(int i=0;i<10;i++){ SYSTEM.out.println(i); } } } (A) error (B) i (C) Display 1 to 10 (D) 1,2,3,…….10 10
- 11. Presented by Nuzhat Memon Statement (selective structure) Control structure branches are used to choose among two or more possible courses of action, is called as selective structure (1) IF STATEMENT + Used in a program to take one of two alternative coursed of action, depending upon Boolean valued expression. (2) SWITCH STATEMENT + Used when there are many alternative actions to be taken depending upon the value of a variable or expression. + Test expression should be of the type byte, char, short or int or enum 11 if(condition){ statements; } Else{ statements; } Switch (option){ case 1: statement1; break; case 2: statement2; break; default: statementN; }
- 12. Presented by Nuzhat Memon 12 Entry controlled or pre-test loop constructs. It is used when numbers of iterations are pre-defined. Entry controlled or pre-test loop constructs. It is used when number of iterations are not pre-determined. Exit controlled or post-test loop constructs. Here, statements of loop are executed at least once. Do while loop Looping For loop While loop for (initialize; condition; iteration){ statements; } //initialize while (condition){ statements; increment/decrement statement; } //initialize Do{ statements; increment/decr statement; } while (condition); Control structure branches are used to choose among two or more possible courses of action, is called as selective structure statement
- 13. Presented by Nuzhat Memon Which statement is executed if the value of Boolean expression is true? If (boolean expression) { <statement1> } else { <statement2> } (A) statement2 (B) error message (C) statement1 (D) statement3 13
- 14. Presented by Nuzhat Memon Statement BREAK STATEMENT + Used to transfer the control outside switch/loop structure. + It is used to exit the loop. + It is jumps outside the nearest loop containing this statement. CONTINUE STATEMENT + It is used to skip the following statement in a loop and continue with the next iteration. 14 for(){ if(condition){ break; } statements; } for(){ if(condition){ continue; } statements; }