This document provides an overview of PHP and MySQL. It defines PHP as a server-side scripting language that is commonly used with MySQL, an open-source database management system. The document discusses key PHP concepts like PHP files, variables, operators, conditional statements, arrays, loops, and functions. It also covers form handling in HTML and PHP. The intended audience is users looking to learn the basics of PHP and how it integrates with MySQL for database management.
Web development using javaScript, React js, Node js, HTML, CSS and SQLJayant Surana
A presentation of Web development describing the use of various languages required. The languages covered are javaScript, React js, Node js, HTML, CSS and SQL.
React JS is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. It uses a virtual DOM to efficiently update the real DOM and render user interfaces from components. Components are reusable pieces of UI that accept input data via properties but maintain private state data. The lifecycle of a component involves initialization, updating due to state/prop changes, and unmounting. React uses a single-directional data flow and the concept of components makes code modular and reusable.
This Presentation "Course Registration System" is Implemented in Case Tools. It will Help you to develop Your Project in Technical Manner. Kindly use this presentation for your Reference. If you have any doubts in this presentation mail me [email protected]
Plain React detects changes by re-rendering your whole UI into a virtual DOM and then comparing it to the old version. Whatever changed, gets patched to the real DOM.
The document discusses the three layers of web design: structure with HTML, style with CSS, and behavior with JavaScript. It provides examples of how each layer contributes to building a web page, with HTML providing structure and markup, CSS controlling presentation and styling, and JavaScript adding interactivity and dynamic behavior. The document also seeks to clarify that JavaScript is not the same as Java, as their names often cause confusion, and outlines some common uses of JavaScript like form validation, auto-suggest search functionality, and slideshow creation.
Attendance management system project report.Manoj Kumar
Attendance management system project report is a document in PDF file. If you have any confusion in your document then you can clear your concepts here.
Web Development on Web Project PresentationMilind Gokhale
Web development on web was part of a project in the final year of Engineering to demonstrate the implementation and application of SaaS using Microsoft Silverlight.
The application facilitated creation of web pages without having a need to install any HTML editor based software.
This document describes an internship report submitted by Sabana Maharjan for their internship at Genesis Consultancy Pvt. Ltd. The report details the development of an Arsenic Information Management System (AIMS) under the supervision of Kumar Prasun. AIMS allows users to map and analyze spatial data related to arsenic levels. It includes tools for counting points within polygons, identifying connected lines and points, and converting data formats. The system provides a user-friendly interface for users to access arsenic information and analyze geospatial data.
This document provides an introduction to web development technologies including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. It explains that HTML is the standard markup language used to structure web pages, CSS is used to style web pages, and JavaScript adds interactivity. It also distinguishes between client-side and server-side technologies, noting that JavaScript, HTML, and CSS are client-side and run in the browser, while server-side languages like PHP run on the web server. The document provides examples of how each technology works and is used to build dynamic web pages.
This document discusses the MERN stack, which is a framework that uses MongoDB, Express, React, and Node.js for building full-stack web applications. It describes each component and how they work together. MongoDB is the database, Express is the backend framework, React is the frontend framework, and Node.js is the runtime environment. The MERN stack allows building a 3-tier architecture (frontend, backend, database) entirely in JavaScript. It offers benefits like scalability, speed, and the ability to use JavaScript throughout the stack.
- React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces that uses a virtual DOM for faster re-rendering on state changes.
- Everything in React is a component that can have states, props, and lifecycle methods like render(). Components return JSX elements.
- Props are used for passing data to components in a unidirectional flow, while states allow components to re-render on changes.
- The render() method returns the view, accessing props and state values. Forms and events also follow React conventions.
This document provides an overview of Angular, including:
- Angular is a JavaScript framework used to build client-side applications with HTML. Code is written in TypeScript which compiles to JavaScript.
- Angular enhances HTML with directives, data binding, and dependency injection. It follows an MVC architecture internally.
- Components are the basic building blocks of Angular applications. Modules contain components and services. Services contain reusable business logic.
- The document discusses Angular concepts like modules, components, data binding, services, routing and forms. It provides examples of creating a sample login/welcome application in Angular.
This document provides an industrial training report on developing an online examination system in Java. It discusses the project scope, requirements analysis, system architecture, database design, software development methodology, and implementation details. The system allows institutes to host online exams and students to take exams and view results. It aims to reduce the workload of manual exam processes for both institutes and students. The report covers various system diagrams, modules for administrators and students, and solving challenges encountered during development and testing of the online exam system.
Bootstrap is a free front-end framework for building responsive, mobile-first websites and web apps. It contains HTML and CSS-based design templates and components for things like typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components, as well as optional JavaScript extensions. Bootstrap features responsive grid system, tables, forms, buttons, navigation and other elements for developing responsive web pages and applications. It helps developers design websites faster without writing much custom CSS code.
Getting started with the reactjs, basics of reactjs, introduction of reactjs, core concepts of reactjs and comparison with the other libraries/frameworks
React JS is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. It uses virtual DOM and one-way data binding to render components efficiently. Everything in React is a component - they accept custom inputs called props and control the output display through rendering. Components can manage private state and update due to props or state changes. The lifecycle of a React component involves initialization, updating due to state/prop changes, and unmounting from the DOM. React promotes unidirectional data flow and single source of truth to make views more predictable and easier to debug.
The document provides an overview of Node.js, a JavaScript runtime environment for building scalable network applications. Some key points covered include:
- Node.js is built on Google's V8 JavaScript engine and is event-driven and non-blocking.
- It is well-suited for data-intensive real-time applications due to its lightweight and efficient nature.
- Node.js differs from other scripting languages by being non-blocking, single-threaded, and having an event-based approach built-in.
This document provides an introduction and overview of ASP.NET and Web Forms. It discusses the background of ASP and how ASP.NET was developed to address challenges with ASP. The key features of ASP.NET, including Web Forms, Web Services, and the .NET Framework are described. The document then covers the ASP.NET programming model based on controls and events, and how postbacks maintain page state without requiring additional code. It also introduces the ASP.NET object model and server-side controls.
This document provides an overview of pre-processor hypertext and core PHP concepts. It discusses software engineering, web programming, and introduces PHP as a scripting language. It covers PHP variables, expressions, operators, conditional statements, functions, arrays, syntax, strings, databases, sessions, cookies, files, email handling, JavaScript, AJAX and XML. It also discusses programming fundamentals like data types, keywords, operators, variables, conditional statements, loops, functions and object-oriented programming concepts.
The document provides an overview of installing PHP on Windows systems. It discusses choosing between the Windows InstallShield method (for beginners) or manual binary installation. The InstallShield process is demonstrated step-by-step using IIS as an example, covering downloading, choosing options, file extensions, and testing. The manual method requires copying files, setting permissions, and configuring the web server by adding application mappings in IIS. Examples demonstrate including header and footer files to create templates.
This document provides an overview of ASP.Net Core MVC with Entity Framework. It discusses ASP.Net Core as an open source and cross-platform framework for building web applications. It also describes MVC architecture, Entity Framework as an ORM tool, the repository pattern, and using a database first approach. The document includes sections on requirements, advantages of ASP.Net Core, and concludes that it allows for improved performance, cross-platform support, less code, and easier maintenance of web applications.
Nowadays web development is one of the most important things to build your website . It helps us to make our website look great, work fast and perform well with a seamless user experience . Here web developers uses various types codings
One of the most important software is Customer Relationship Management ( CRM ) which helps us to reach our potential customer’s . Because of this one company can increase sales, improve customer service, and increase profitability.
Next important software is Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) which helps us to manage our day - to - day business activities and it also helps us in plan of budget , predict and report of organisation financial results .
Next important thing is E-learning which becomes a standard and desirable way of learning and we want to make sure that you do it right.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Reactjs including:
1. Reactjs core concepts including components, virtual DOM, and JSX
2. React components are self-contained reusable blocks and many companies have open sourced React component libraries
3. The React lifecycle methods for components including initialization, update, and destruction
Web developer employment is expected to expand 23% nationwide between 2021 and 2031, according to the BLS.1 That's substantially faster than the national average for all vocations.
The BLS credits the substantial predicted growth in this area of computer science to the growth of e-commerce, shops selling online, and the continued usage of mobile devices, which requires designers to construct websites and interfaces that work on all screen sizes.
Web developers: how many? In 2021, BLS reported 95,300 web developer jobs. The greatest employers were computer systems design and related services (19%) and state, local, and private education services (8%). Web developers self-employed 6%.
Learn Web Development Courses | Development Coursesdevbhargav1
We aim to create Tech Professionals with expertise of digital marketing, coding, Graphic Designing and Animation by providing best knowledge of the subject. Our expert trainers having good knowledge and expertise in their domain. They are also updated as per the market and have already trained thousands of students. We are located at Sharda Road, Meerut.
Web Development on Web Project PresentationMilind Gokhale
Web development on web was part of a project in the final year of Engineering to demonstrate the implementation and application of SaaS using Microsoft Silverlight.
The application facilitated creation of web pages without having a need to install any HTML editor based software.
This document describes an internship report submitted by Sabana Maharjan for their internship at Genesis Consultancy Pvt. Ltd. The report details the development of an Arsenic Information Management System (AIMS) under the supervision of Kumar Prasun. AIMS allows users to map and analyze spatial data related to arsenic levels. It includes tools for counting points within polygons, identifying connected lines and points, and converting data formats. The system provides a user-friendly interface for users to access arsenic information and analyze geospatial data.
This document provides an introduction to web development technologies including HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. It explains that HTML is the standard markup language used to structure web pages, CSS is used to style web pages, and JavaScript adds interactivity. It also distinguishes between client-side and server-side technologies, noting that JavaScript, HTML, and CSS are client-side and run in the browser, while server-side languages like PHP run on the web server. The document provides examples of how each technology works and is used to build dynamic web pages.
This document discusses the MERN stack, which is a framework that uses MongoDB, Express, React, and Node.js for building full-stack web applications. It describes each component and how they work together. MongoDB is the database, Express is the backend framework, React is the frontend framework, and Node.js is the runtime environment. The MERN stack allows building a 3-tier architecture (frontend, backend, database) entirely in JavaScript. It offers benefits like scalability, speed, and the ability to use JavaScript throughout the stack.
- React is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces that uses a virtual DOM for faster re-rendering on state changes.
- Everything in React is a component that can have states, props, and lifecycle methods like render(). Components return JSX elements.
- Props are used for passing data to components in a unidirectional flow, while states allow components to re-render on changes.
- The render() method returns the view, accessing props and state values. Forms and events also follow React conventions.
This document provides an overview of Angular, including:
- Angular is a JavaScript framework used to build client-side applications with HTML. Code is written in TypeScript which compiles to JavaScript.
- Angular enhances HTML with directives, data binding, and dependency injection. It follows an MVC architecture internally.
- Components are the basic building blocks of Angular applications. Modules contain components and services. Services contain reusable business logic.
- The document discusses Angular concepts like modules, components, data binding, services, routing and forms. It provides examples of creating a sample login/welcome application in Angular.
This document provides an industrial training report on developing an online examination system in Java. It discusses the project scope, requirements analysis, system architecture, database design, software development methodology, and implementation details. The system allows institutes to host online exams and students to take exams and view results. It aims to reduce the workload of manual exam processes for both institutes and students. The report covers various system diagrams, modules for administrators and students, and solving challenges encountered during development and testing of the online exam system.
Bootstrap is a free front-end framework for building responsive, mobile-first websites and web apps. It contains HTML and CSS-based design templates and components for things like typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components, as well as optional JavaScript extensions. Bootstrap features responsive grid system, tables, forms, buttons, navigation and other elements for developing responsive web pages and applications. It helps developers design websites faster without writing much custom CSS code.
Getting started with the reactjs, basics of reactjs, introduction of reactjs, core concepts of reactjs and comparison with the other libraries/frameworks
React JS is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. It uses virtual DOM and one-way data binding to render components efficiently. Everything in React is a component - they accept custom inputs called props and control the output display through rendering. Components can manage private state and update due to props or state changes. The lifecycle of a React component involves initialization, updating due to state/prop changes, and unmounting from the DOM. React promotes unidirectional data flow and single source of truth to make views more predictable and easier to debug.
The document provides an overview of Node.js, a JavaScript runtime environment for building scalable network applications. Some key points covered include:
- Node.js is built on Google's V8 JavaScript engine and is event-driven and non-blocking.
- It is well-suited for data-intensive real-time applications due to its lightweight and efficient nature.
- Node.js differs from other scripting languages by being non-blocking, single-threaded, and having an event-based approach built-in.
This document provides an introduction and overview of ASP.NET and Web Forms. It discusses the background of ASP and how ASP.NET was developed to address challenges with ASP. The key features of ASP.NET, including Web Forms, Web Services, and the .NET Framework are described. The document then covers the ASP.NET programming model based on controls and events, and how postbacks maintain page state without requiring additional code. It also introduces the ASP.NET object model and server-side controls.
This document provides an overview of pre-processor hypertext and core PHP concepts. It discusses software engineering, web programming, and introduces PHP as a scripting language. It covers PHP variables, expressions, operators, conditional statements, functions, arrays, syntax, strings, databases, sessions, cookies, files, email handling, JavaScript, AJAX and XML. It also discusses programming fundamentals like data types, keywords, operators, variables, conditional statements, loops, functions and object-oriented programming concepts.
The document provides an overview of installing PHP on Windows systems. It discusses choosing between the Windows InstallShield method (for beginners) or manual binary installation. The InstallShield process is demonstrated step-by-step using IIS as an example, covering downloading, choosing options, file extensions, and testing. The manual method requires copying files, setting permissions, and configuring the web server by adding application mappings in IIS. Examples demonstrate including header and footer files to create templates.
This document provides an overview of ASP.Net Core MVC with Entity Framework. It discusses ASP.Net Core as an open source and cross-platform framework for building web applications. It also describes MVC architecture, Entity Framework as an ORM tool, the repository pattern, and using a database first approach. The document includes sections on requirements, advantages of ASP.Net Core, and concludes that it allows for improved performance, cross-platform support, less code, and easier maintenance of web applications.
Nowadays web development is one of the most important things to build your website . It helps us to make our website look great, work fast and perform well with a seamless user experience . Here web developers uses various types codings
One of the most important software is Customer Relationship Management ( CRM ) which helps us to reach our potential customer’s . Because of this one company can increase sales, improve customer service, and increase profitability.
Next important software is Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) which helps us to manage our day - to - day business activities and it also helps us in plan of budget , predict and report of organisation financial results .
Next important thing is E-learning which becomes a standard and desirable way of learning and we want to make sure that you do it right.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Reactjs including:
1. Reactjs core concepts including components, virtual DOM, and JSX
2. React components are self-contained reusable blocks and many companies have open sourced React component libraries
3. The React lifecycle methods for components including initialization, update, and destruction
Web developer employment is expected to expand 23% nationwide between 2021 and 2031, according to the BLS.1 That's substantially faster than the national average for all vocations.
The BLS credits the substantial predicted growth in this area of computer science to the growth of e-commerce, shops selling online, and the continued usage of mobile devices, which requires designers to construct websites and interfaces that work on all screen sizes.
Web developers: how many? In 2021, BLS reported 95,300 web developer jobs. The greatest employers were computer systems design and related services (19%) and state, local, and private education services (8%). Web developers self-employed 6%.
Learn Web Development Courses | Development Coursesdevbhargav1
We aim to create Tech Professionals with expertise of digital marketing, coding, Graphic Designing and Animation by providing best knowledge of the subject. Our expert trainers having good knowledge and expertise in their domain. They are also updated as per the market and have already trained thousands of students. We are located at Sharda Road, Meerut.
Learn Web Development Courses | Development Coursesdevbhargav1
We aim to create Tech Professionals with expertise of digital marketing, coding, Graphic Designing and Animation by providing best knowledge of the subject. Our expert trainers having good knowledge and expertise in their domain. They are also updated as per the market and have already trained thousands of students. We are located at Sharda Road, Meerut.
Web development refers to the process of creating, building, and maintaining websites and web applications. It involves a combination of programming, design, and content creation to deliver a functional and visually appealing online presence.
Web development typically encompasses several key components:
Front-end Development:
This involves creating the user interface and user experience (UI/UX) of a website. It includes HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), and JavaScript to design and implement the visual and interactive aspects of a website that users see and interact with.
Web Development training courses in Lahore.pptxirfanakram32
Web development generally refers to the tasks involved in developing web pages for hosting over an intranet or the Internet. The web development process includes web design, Web content development, client/server scripting, and network security configuration, among others. Broadly speaking, web development includes all the actions, updates, and operations required to create, maintain, and manage a website to ensure optimal performance, user experience, and speed.
The process of creating a website or app for the Internet is known as web development. It can range from simple static web page creation to complex electronic businesses and social networking services. This article will explain what web development is, what types of professionals work in it, and what the job outlook is for web developers.
Web development involves using languages like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and Python to build and maintain websites. It can include front-end development, which focuses on creating the visual and interactive parts, back-end development, which builds the server-side, or full-stack development. Effective web development requires collaboration, using the right tools, and testing with users.
Learn Web Development Courses | Development Coursesdevbhargav1
We aim to create Tech Professionals with expertise of digital marketing, coding, Graphic Designing and Animation by providing best knowledge of the subject. Our expert trainers having good knowledge and expertise in their domain. They are also updated as per the market and have already trained thousands of students. We are located at Sharda Road, Meerut.
Learn Web Development Courses Programming Languages.pdfdevbhargav1
Web development refers to the process of creating, building, and maintaining websites and web applications. It involves a combination of programming, design, and content creation to deliver a functional and visually appealing online presence.
Web Development Course in Chandigarh Join Nowasmeerana605
web development is a multifaceted discipline that encompasses frontend and backend technologies, development frameworks, responsive design principles, version control systems, hosting options, and emerging trends.
Web development is an ever-evolving field that plays a critical role in our digital age. As the internet continues to expand and evolve, web developers are tasked with creating, maintaining, and improving the websites and web applications that power our online experiences. This comprehensive Web Development guide explores the world of web development, covering its history, the various technologies and tools involved, best practices, and future trends.
The History of Web Development To understand the present and future of web development, it's essential to delve into its past. The history of web development can be divided into several key phases:
Welcome to
What is web development and how it can benefit your business | SEO Exparte BD Ltd.
Consider all of the web applications you have used in the past week. You probably can't even keep track of how many websites you visited, including your favorite news site, Facebook, and shopping sites. The internet is probably the first site you turn to if you need to find gifts, reserve a hotel room, or make a doctor's appointment. Even when the actual purchase takes place in a store, 80% of significant transactions begin with online research. The fact that 1 in 4 small businesses still don't have a website or a web app is somewhat astonishing, then. Especially in light of the numerous advantages that web apps may provide for organizations.
A web app can help your company grow by positioning you as a reliable partner who values its clients. But how can you build a feature-rich web application that your users would adore? Web development services might be used in this situation if you lack the time or the necessary abilities to create one yourself.
What is Web Development?
The entire process of creating, developing, testing, and maintaining websites and web applications is known as web development. This refers to the entire process of web design, web content development, client-side/server-side scripting, network security settings, and occasionally SEO optimization that goes into making a web app look great, operate well, and have a smooth user experience.
Full-stack web developers typically write lengthy lines of code in text editors, style it with CSS, and then combine all the components to make these products. Today, however, they can also create a new website without having to start from scratch by using tools like Adobe Dreamweaver or content management systems.
The three main types of web developers are front-end developers, back-end developers, and full-stack developers. All of a website's visual elements are the responsibility of front-end development experts (layout, navigation bar, etc.). Its functionality and interactivity are also the responsibility of front-end developers.
Less visible duties and development areas handled by backend developers include administering the web app services, databases, and applications. To fix server-side concerns with back-end development, backend developers may also need to use additional server-side languages like Python, Ruby, Java, and PHP. Full-stack developers can work on both the front end and the back end.
What tools do web developers use?
When people refer to "web app development tools," they typically refer to the HTML, Java, and CSS programming languages, apps, and environments that enable developers to write and debug the code for online applications. However, the job of a web developer changes along with the digital world.
They now need to be capable of more than just writing code fragments. They must be knowledgeable with graphic elements, responsive UI/UX design, prototyping, wire-framing
We specialize in a spectrum of services tailored to meet your digital needs. We offer a diverse range of services, including web development, graphic design, content writing, SEO, UI/UX design, and video editing. Our team combines creativity and functionality to craft compelling online experiences that engage audiences and leave a lasting impact. Join us to transform your ideas into captivating visuals and effective digital solutions.
Web design and development (1) convertedSandy Gupta
Web design involves planning elements like layout, architecture, colors and fonts to create web pages. Web development includes tasks like creating dynamic web pages using client-side/server-side scripting. It results in websites that can be hosted and accessed over the internet or intranets. Benefits of good web design and development include increased traffic, faster pages, better search engine optimization and improved user experience. Web developers use programming languages and tools to build functioning websites with user-friendly interfaces.
Introduction to HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for Web DevelopmentQurinom Solutions
A well-designed and functional website is essential for any business looking to thrive in the digital age. Web development encompasses various elements, including web design, coding, and content creation. Skilled web developers utilize programming languages such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create visually appealing and interactive websites that are compatible across different devices and browsers.
This document summarizes an 8-week online training in web development from Internshala that took place from May 14th to July 14th. It covered topics like front-end development using HTML, CSS, and Bootstrap, back-end development using SQL and PHP, and the trainee's final project of building a Spotify clone using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. The trainee concluded that the training provided valuable technical skills and personal benefits, and that web development is a field with growing job opportunities.
Web development is a globally in-demand career that helps businesses grow across many industries through appealing and informative websites. It requires creativity, problem-solving, and attention to detail to understand client needs and create impactful designs. As a web developer, one can take on roles from front-end development and designing user interfaces to back-end development of databases and business logic to leadership positions as technical directors or chief technology officers overseeing development teams and strategies. The field continues to expand through new technologies like progressive web apps that enhance customer engagement on any device.
Web development refers to the process of creating websites on the Internet. For a beginner, it can appear to be complicated, perplexing, and to some extent, an inaccessible field. Read this presentation to learn about web development.
What are the Career Prospects in Web Development?Ravendra Singh
Web Development directs to the method of making and preserving websites. It encompasses a variety of tasks, such as designing user interfaces, implementing functionality, and improving performance and security. Web developers may use technologies such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and server-side languages like PHP or Python to create dynamic and interactive websites.
Completed Sunday 6/8. For Weekend 6/14 & 15th. (Fathers Day Weekend US.) These workshops are also timeless for future students TY. No admissions needed.
A 9th FREE WORKSHOP
Reiki - Yoga
“Intuition-II, The Chakras”
Your Attendance is valued.
We hit over 5k views for Spring Workshops and Updates-TY.
Thank you for attending our workshops.
If you are new, do welcome.
Grad Students: I am planning a Reiki-Yoga Master Course (As a package). I’m Fusing both together.
This will include the foundation of each practice. Our Free Workshops can be used with any Reiki Yoga training package. Traditional Reiki does host rules and ethics. Its silent and within the JP Culture/Area/Training/Word of Mouth. It allows remote healing but there’s limits As practitioners and masters, we are not allowed to share certain secrets/tools. Some content is designed only for “Masters”. Some yoga are similar like the Kriya Yoga-Church (Vowed Lessons). We will review both Reiki and Yoga (Master tools) in the Course upcoming.
S9/This Week’s Focus:
* A continuation of Intuition-2 Development. We will review the Chakra System - Our temple. A misguided, misused situation lol. This will also serve Attunement later.
Thx for tuning in. Your time investment is valued. I do select topics related to our timeline and community. For those seeking upgrades or Reiki Levels. Stay tuned for our June packages. It’s for self employed/Practitioners/Coaches…
Review & Topics:
* Reiki Is Japanese Energy Healing used Globally.
* Yoga is over 5k years old from India. It hosts many styles, teacher versions, and it’s Mainstream now vs decades ago.
* Anything of the Holistic, Wellness Department can be fused together. My origins are Alternative, Complementary Medicine. In short, I call this ND. I am also a metaphysician. I learnt during the 90s New Age Era. I forget we just hit another wavy. It’s GenZ word of Mouth, their New Age Era. WHOA, History Repeats lol. We are fusing together.
* So, most of you have experienced your Spiritual Awakening. However; The journey wont be perfect. There will be some roller coaster events. The perks are: We are in a faster Spiritual Zone than the 90s. There’s more support and information available.
(See Presentation for all sections, THX AGAIN.)
Pests of Rice: Damage, Identification, Life history, and Management.pptxArshad Shaikh
Rice pests can significantly impact crop yield and quality. Major pests include the brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens), which transmits viruses like rice ragged stunt and grassy stunt; the yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), whose larvae bore into stems causing deadhearts and whiteheads; and leaf folders (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis), which feed on leaves reducing photosynthetic area. Other pests include rice weevils (Sitophilus oryzae) and gall midges (Orseolia oryzae). Effective management strategies are crucial to minimize losses.
This presentation was provided by Nicole 'Nici" Pfeiffer of the Center for Open Science (COS), during the first session of our 2025 NISO training series "Secrets to Changing Behavior in Scholarly Communications." Session One was held June 5, 2025.
How to Manage & Create a New Department in Odoo 18 EmployeeCeline George
In Odoo 18's Employee module, organizing your workforce into departments enhances management and reporting efficiency. Departments are a crucial organizational unit within the Employee module.
Analysis of Quantitative Data Parametric and non-parametric tests.pptxShrutidhara2
This presentation covers the following points--
Parametric Tests
• Testing the Significance of the Difference between Means
• Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) - One way and Two way
• Analysis of Co-variance (One-way)
Non-Parametric Tests:
• Chi-Square test
• Sign test
• Median test
• Sum of Rank test
• Mann-Whitney U-test
Moreover, it includes a comparison of parametric and non-parametric tests, a comparison of one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, and one-way ANCOVA.
How to Manage Maintenance Request in Odoo 18Celine George
Efficient maintenance management is crucial for keeping equipment and work centers running smoothly in any business. Odoo 18 provides a Maintenance module that helps track, schedule, and manage maintenance requests efficiently.
Different pricelists for different shops in odoo Point of Sale in Odoo 17Celine George
Price lists are a useful tool for managing the costs of your goods and services. This can assist you in working with other businesses effectively and maximizing your revenues. Additionally, you can provide your customers discounts by using price lists.
How to Create a Rainbow Man Effect in Odoo 18Celine George
In Odoo 18, the Rainbow Man animation adds a playful and motivating touch to task completion. This cheerful effect appears after specific user actions, like marking a CRM opportunity as won. It’s designed to enhance user experience by making routine tasks more engaging.
Human Anatomy and Physiology II Unit 3 B pharm Sem 2
Respiratory system
Anatomy of respiratory system with special reference to anatomy
of lungs, mechanism of respiration, regulation of respiration
Lung Volumes and capacities transport of respiratory gases,
artificial respiration, and resuscitation methods
Urinary system
Anatomy of urinary tract with special reference to anatomy of
kidney and nephrons, functions of kidney and urinary tract,
physiology of urine formation, micturition reflex and role of
kidneys in acid base balance, role of RAS in kidney and
disorders of kidney
Parenting Teens: Supporting Trust, resilience and independencePooky Knightsmith
For more information about my speaking and training work, visit: https://www.pookyknightsmith.com/speaking/
SESSION OVERVIEW:
Parenting Teens: Supporting Trust, Resilience & Independence
The teenage years bring new challenges—for teens and for you. In this practical session, we’ll explore how to support your teen through emotional ups and downs, growing independence, and the pressures of school and social life.
You’ll gain insights into the teenage brain and why boundary-pushing is part of healthy development, along with tools to keep communication open, build trust, and support emotional resilience. Expect honest ideas, relatable examples, and space to connect with other parents.
By the end of this session, you will:
• Understand how teenage brain development affects behaviour and emotions
• Learn ways to keep communication open and supportive
• Explore tools to help your teen manage stress and bounce back from setbacks
• Reflect on how to encourage independence while staying connected
• Discover simple strategies to support emotional wellbeing
• Share experiences and ideas with other parents
*Order Hemiptera:*
Hemiptera, commonly known as true bugs, is a large and diverse order of insects that includes cicadas, aphids, leafhoppers, and shield bugs. Characterized by their piercing-sucking mouthparts, Hemiptera feed on plant sap, other insects, or small animals. Many species are significant pests, while others are beneficial predators.
*Order Neuroptera:*
Neuroptera, also known as net-winged insects, is an order of insects that includes lacewings, antlions, and owlflies. Characterized by their delicate, net-like wing venation and large, often prominent eyes, Neuroptera are predators that feed on other insects, playing an important role in biological control. Many species have aquatic larvae, adding to their ecological diversity.
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Unit- 4 Biostatistics & Research Methodology.pdfKRUTIKA CHANNE
Blocking and confounding (when a third variable, or confounder, influences both the exposure and the outcome) system for Two-level factorials (a type of experimental design where each factor (independent variable) is investigated at only two levels, typically denoted as "high" and "low" or "+1" and "-1")
Regression modeling (statistical model that estimates the relationship between one dependent variable and one or more independent variables using a line): Hypothesis testing in Simple and Multiple regression models
Introduction to Practical components of Industrial and Clinical Trials Problems: Statistical Analysis Using Excel, SPSS, MINITAB®️, DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS, R - Online Statistical Software to Industrial and Clinical trial approach
Adam Grant: Transforming Work Culture Through Organizational PsychologyPrachi Shah
This presentation explores the groundbreaking work of Adam Grant, renowned organizational psychologist and bestselling author. It highlights his key theories on giving, motivation, leadership, and workplace dynamics that have revolutionized how organizations think about productivity, collaboration, and employee well-being. Ideal for students, HR professionals, and leadership enthusiasts, this deck includes insights from his major works like Give and Take, Originals, and Think Again, along with interactive elements for enhanced engagement.
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Web deveopment using React js and Node js with SQL.
1. WEB DEVELOPMENT
A SUMMER INTERN REPORT
Submitted by
JAYANT SURANA
Enrolment Number: 40614802816
In partial fulfillment of Summer Internship for the award of the degree
of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Under the supervision of
Mr. Abhimanyu Vashisht
Senior Developer
XANE AI, Gurugram
MAHARAJA AGRASEN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
ROHINI, NEW DELHI
2. XANE AI
GURUGRAM, HARYANA.
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that the summer training project report entitled “WEB DEVELOPMENT” is a
bonafide record of the work done by Mr. JAYANT SURANA, at XANE AI, GURUGRAM,
for the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the 4 year degree of Bachelor in
Technology, Electronics and Communication Engineering, carried out under my supervision
during June 15, 2018 to July 31, 2018.
Mr. Abhimanyu Vashisht
Trainer
XANE AI
3. MAHARAJA AGRASEN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
To Whom It May Concern
I, JAYANT SURANA, Enrollment No. 40414802816, a student of Bachelors of Technology
(ECE), a class of 2016-20, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi hereby declare
that the summer training project report entitled WEB DEVELOPMENT is an original work
and the same has not been submitted to any other institute for the award of any other degree.
Date: 31 July 2018
Place: Gurugram
JAYANT SURANA
Enrollment No.: 40614802816
Electronics and Communication Engineering
5E456/E5
4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am deeply thankful to “XANE AI” as it has given me a golden opportunity to go through
remarkable training on “WEB DEVELOPMENT”. Here I have got valuable and detailed
knowledge on real time projects. I owe my gratitude to My Faculty cum Trainer “Mr.
Abhimanyu Vashisht” for his unmatched support, guidance and inspiration without which I
wouldn’t have learned so many new and innovative things in such a short span of time. I am
highly obliged that I have received all of your support in such a good way.
An electronics student mainly focuses on practical applications of concepts learned projects like
this one provide us with an ideal opportunity to do the same. I acknowledge the valuable inputs
provided by “Mr. Abhimanyu Vashisht”. Last but not the least, a big thanks to all my family
members and friends, for timely cooperation and support extended to me all the way.
I wish to thank my respected faculty and my lab mates for their support.
Last but not the least, I thank the almighty for enlightening me with his blessings.
JAYANT SURANA
40614802816
5E456/E5
5. XANE AI
XANE AI. 'Founded in 2017, Xane is an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot aimed at revolutionizing
'People experience' in organisations can be used for increasing employee engagement and
retention.
We believe “Employees in various markets can have vastly different employment experiences.
For leaders of multinationals operating in these major world markets, this volatility presents
significant challenges about where and how to invest in talent and how to best engage
employees in the behavior that will drive much needed growth.”
As workforce demographics continues to be highly distributed and accustomed to digital
changes, Understanding and Managing Talent becomes more imperative than ever.
Xane, with its innovative product suite has integrated Artificial Intelligence, Predictive Analytics
and Domain HR expertise for enhancing employee experience, building learning and
development culture and increasing HR efficiency'.
Xane regularly interacts with Employees, HR business partners, Managers for gauging
engagement levels, sentiments and provide actionable insights to the Top Management.
6. ABSTRACT
Web development is a broad term for the work involved in developing a web site for
the Internet (World Wide Web) or an intranet (a private network). Web development can range
from developing the simplest static single page of plain text to the most complex web-
based internet applications (or just 'web apps') electronic businesses, and social network services.
A more comprehensive list of tasks to which web development commonly refers, may
include web engineering, web design, web content development, client liaison, client-side/server-
side scripting, web server and network security configuration, and e-commerce development.
Among web professionals, "web development" usually refers to the main non-design aspects of
building web sites: writing markup and coding. Most recently Web development has come to
mean the creation of content management systems or CMS. These CMS can be made from
scratch, proprietary or open source. In broad terms the CMS acts as middleware between the
database and the user through the browser. A principle benefit of a CMS is that it allows non-
technical people to make changes to their web site without having technical knowledge.
For larger organizations and businesses, web development teams can consist of hundreds of
people (web developers) and follow standard methods like Agile methodologies while
developing websites. Smaller organizations may only require a single permanent or contracting
developer, or secondary assignment to related job positions such as a graphic
designer or information systems technician. Web development may be a collaborative effort
between departments rather than the domain of a designated department.
There are three kinds of web developer specialization: front-end developer, back-end developer,
and full-stack developer. Front-end developers deal with the layout and visuals of a website,
while back-end developers deal with the functionality of a website. Back-end developers will
program in the functions of a website that will collect data.
Since the commercialization of the web, web development has been a growing industry. The
growth of this industry is being driven by businesses wishing to use their website to sell products
and services to customers.
7. Web development has also impacted personal networking and marketing. Websites are no longer
simply tools for work or for commerce, but serve more broadly for communication and social
networking. Web sites such as Facebook and Twitter provide users with a platform to
communicate and organizations with a more personal and interactive way to engage the public.
8. TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.No. Contents Page Number
List of figures
1. Introduction 1
2. Front-end Web Development 3
3. Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) 5
4. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) 8
5. JavaScript 11
6. SQL 14
7. React JS 16
8. Node.js 20
9. LIST OF FIGURES
S.No. Figure No. Figure Description Page No.
1. 1.1 Web Application Development. 1
2. 3.1 “Hello, World!” HTML program. 6
3. 7.1 “Hello, World!” React js program. 17
4. 7.2 “Hello, World!” React js program as
displayed in the Web browser.
17
10. CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Web Application Development
Web application development is the process and practice of developing web applications.
There is a consensus that the processes involved are extensions of standard software engineering
processes. Considering this, along with its unique characteristics, popular frameworks used
include the spiral approach and business-oriented approach to application development, among
other models that address the requirements for an iterative process.
Figure 1.1: Web Application Development
Just as with a traditional desktop application, web applications have varying levels of risk. A
personal home page is much less risky than, for example, a stock trading web site. For some
projects security, software bugs, etc. are major issues. If time to market, or technical complexity
11. is a concern, documentation, test planning, change control, requirements analysis, architectural
description and formal design and construction practices can mitigate risk.
1.2 Web DevelopmentTools
Web development tools allow web developers to test and debug their code. They are different
from website builders and integrated development environments (IDEs) in that they do not assist
in the direct creation of a webpage, rather they are tools used for testing the user interface of a
website or web application.
Web development tools come as browser add-ons or built-in features in web browsers. Most
popular web browsers, such as Google Chrome, Firefox, Internet
Explorer, Safari and Opera, have built-in tools to help web developers, and many additional add-
ons can be found in their respective plugin download centers.
Web development tools allow developers to work with a variety of web technologies,
including HTML, CSS, the DOM, JavaScript, and other components that are handled by the web
browser. Due to increasing demand from web browsers to do more, popular web browsers have
included more features geared for developers.
1.3 Web DevelopmentSpecialization
There are three kinds of web developer specialization: front-end developer, back-end developer,
and full-stack developer. Front-end developers deal with the layout and visuals of a website,
while back-end developers deal with the functionality of a website. Back-end developers will
program in the functions of a website that will collect data.
12. CHAPTER 2
FRONT-END WEB DEVELOPMENT
Front-end web development is the practice of converting data to graphical interface for user to
view and interact with data through digital interaction using HTML, CSS and JavaScript.
Tools UsedFor Front-end Web Development
There are several tools available that can be used to develop the front end of a website, and
understanding which tools are best fit for specific tasks marks the difference between developing
a hacked site and a well designed, scalable site.
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML)
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is the backbone of any website development process,
without which a web page doesn't exist. Hypertext means that text has links, termed hyperlinks,
embedded in it. When a user clicks on a word or a phrase that has a hyperlink, it will bring
another web-page. A markup language indicates text can be turned into images, tables, links, and
other representations. It is the HTML code that provides an overall framework of how the site
will look. HTML was developed by Tim Berners-Lee. The latest version of HTML is
called HTML5 and was published on October 28, 2014 by the W3 recommendation. This version
contains new and efficient ways of handling elements such as video and audio files.
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) controls the presentation aspect of the site and allows your site to
have its own unique look. It does this by maintaining style sheets which sit on top of other style
rules and are triggered based on other inputs, such as device screen size and resolution.
JavaScript
JavaScript is an event-based imperative programming language (as opposed to
HTML's declarative language model) that is used to transform a static HTML page into a
13. dynamic interface. JavaScript code can use the Document Object Model (DOM), provided by the
HTML standard, to manipulate a web page in response to events, like user input.
Using a technique called AJAX, JavaScript code can also actively retrieve content from the web
(independent of the original HTML page retrieval), and also react to server-side events as well,
adding a truly dynamic nature to the web page experience.
WebAssembly
WebAssembly, supported by all the major browsers (i.e. from the major vendors Google, Apple,
Mozilla and Microsoft), is the only alternative to JavaScript for running code in web browsers
(without the help of plug-ins, such as Flash, Java or Silverlight; all being discontinued, as
browsers are dropping plug-in support). Prior to its adoption, there was asm.js (a subset of
JavaScript; and thus strictly works in all browsers), that's also used as a compiler target with
efficient support in browsers such as Internet Explorer 11; and for such browsers that do not
support WebAssembly directly, it can be compiled to asm.js and those browsers supported that
way. Generally speaking programmers do not program in WebAssembly (or asm.js) directly, but
use languages such as Rust, C or C++ or in theory any language, that compile to it.
14. CHAPTER 3
HYPER TEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE (HTML)
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for creating web
pages and web applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and JavaScript, it forms a triad
of cornerstone technologies for the World Wide Web.
Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from local storage and render the
documents into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure of a web
page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance of the document.
HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML constructs, images and
other objects such as interactive forms may be embedded into the rendered page. HTML
provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as
headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. HTML elements are delineated by tags,
written using angle brackets. Tags such as <img /> and <input /> directly introduce content
into the page. Other tags such as <p> surround and provide information about document text
and may include other tags as sub-elements. Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use
them to interpret the content of the page.
HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such as JavaScript, which affects the
behavior and content of web pages. Inclusion of CSS defines the look and layout of content.
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), maintainer of both the HTML and the CSS standards,
has encouraged the use of CSS over explicit presentational HTML since 1997.
3.1 Markup
HTML markup consists of several key components, including those called tags (and
their attributes), character-based data types, character references and entity references. HTML
tags most commonly come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>, although some represent empty
elements and so are unpaired, for example <img>. The first tag in such a pair is the start tag, and
the second is the end tag (they are also called opening tags and closing tags).
15. Another important component is the HTML document type declaration, which triggers standards
mode rendering.
The following is an example of the classic "Hello, World!" program:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>This is a title</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Hello, World!</p>
</body>
</html>
Figure 3.1: “Hello, World!” HTML program.
The text between <html> and </html> describes the web page, and the text
between <body> and </body> is the visible page content. The markup text <title>This is a
title</title> defines the browser page title.
The Document Type Declaration <!DOCTYPE html> is for HTML5. If a declaration is not
included, various browsers will revert to "quirks mode" for rendering.
3.2 Delivery
HTML documents can be delivered by the same means as any other computer file. However,
they are most often delivered either by HTTP from a web server or by email.
HTTP
The World Wide Web is composed primarily of HTML documents transmitted from web servers
to web browsers using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). However, HTTP is used to serve
images, sound, and other content, in addition to HTML. To allow the web browser to know how
16. to handle each document it receives, other information is transmitted along with the document.
This meta data usually includes the MIME type(e.g., text/html or application/xhtml+xml) and the
character encoding.
In modern browsers, the MIME type that is sent with the HTML document may affect how the
document is initially interpreted. A document sent with the XHTML MIME type is expected to
be well-formed XML; syntax errors may cause the browser to fail to render it. The same
document sent with the HTML MIME type might be displayed successfully, since some
browsers are more lenient with HTML.
17. CHAPTER 4
CASCADING STYLE SHEETS (CSS)
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a
document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS is a cornerstone technology of
the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript.
CSS is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content, including layout, colors,
and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and
control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple web pages to share
formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .css file, and reduce complexity and
repetition in the structural content.
Separation of formatting and content also makes it feasible to present the same markup page in
different styles for different rendering methods, such as on-screen, in print, by voice (via speech-
based browser or screen reader), and on Braille-based tactile devices. CSS also has rules for
alternate formatting if the content is accessed on a mobile device.
The name cascading comes from the specified priority scheme to determine which style rule
applies if more than one rule matches a particular element. This cascading priority scheme is
predictable.
The CSS specifications are maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Internet
media type (MIME type) text/css is registered for use with CSS by RFC 2318 (March 1998).
The W3C operates a free CSS validation service for CSS documents.
In addition to HTML, other markup languages support the use of CSS, including XHTML, plain
XML, SVG, and XUL.
4.1 Syntax
CSS has a simple syntax and uses a number of English keywords to specify the names of various
style properties.
18. A style sheet consists of a list of rules. Each rule or rule-set consists of one or more selectors,
and a declaration block.
Selector
In CSS, selectors declare which part of the markup a style applies to by matching tags and
attributes in the markup itself.
Selectors may apply to:
1. all elements of a specific type, e.g. the second-level headers h2
2. elements specified by attribute, in particular:
id: an identifier unique within the document
class: an identifier that can annotate multiple elements in a document
3. elements depending on how they are placed relative to others in the document tree.
Classes and IDs are case-sensitive, start with letters, and can include alphanumeric characters
and underscores. A class may apply to any number of instances of any elements. An ID may only
be applied to a single element.
DeclarationBlock
A declaration block consists of a list of declarations in braces. Each declaration itself consists of
a property, a colon (:), and a value. If there are multiple declarations in a block, a semi-colon (;)
must be inserted to separate each declaration.
Properties are specified in the CSS standard. Each property has a set of possible values. Some
properties can affect any type of element, and others apply only to particular groups of elements.
Values may be keywords, such as "center" or "inherit", or numerical values, such as 200px (200
pixels), 50vw (50 percent of the viewport width) or 80% (80 percent of the window width).
Color values can be specified with keywords (e.g. "red"), hexadecimal values (e.g. #FF0000, also
abbreviated as #F00), RGB values on a 0 to 255 scale (e.g. rgb(255, 0, 0)), RGBA values that
19. specify both color and alpha transparency (e.g. rgba(255, 0, 0, 0.8)), or HSL or HSLA values
(e.g. hsl(000, 100%, 50%), hsla(000, 100%, 50%, 80%)).
4.2 Use
Before CSS, nearly all presentational attributes of HTML documents were contained within the
HTML markup. All font colors, background styles, element alignments, borders and sizes had to
be explicitly described, often repeatedly, within the HTML. CSS lets authors move much of that
information to another file, the style sheet, resulting in considerably simpler HTML.
For example, headings (h1 elements), sub-headings (h2), sub-sub-headings (h3), etc., are
defined structurally using HTML. In print and on the screen, choice
of font, size, color and emphasis for these elements is presentational.
Before CSS, document authors who wanted to assign such typographic characteristics to, say,
all h2 headings had to repeat HTML presentational markup for each occurrence of that heading
type. This made documents more complex, larger, and more error-prone and difficult to
maintain. CSS allows the separation of presentation from structure. CSS can define color, font,
text alignment, size, borders, spacing, layout and many other typographic characteristics, and can
do so independently for on-screen and printed views. CSS also defines non-visual styles, such as
reading speed and emphasis for aural text readers. The W3C has now deprecated the use of all
presentational HTML markup.
20. CHAPTER 5
JavaScript
JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is a high-level, interpreted programming language. It is a
language which is also characterized as dynamic, weakly typed, prototype-based and multi-
paradigm.
Alongside HTML and CSS, JavaScript is one of the three core technologies of the World Wide
Web. JavaScript enables interactive web pages and thus is an essential part of web applications.
The vast majority of websites use it, and all major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript
engine to execute it.
As a multi-paradigm language, JavaScript supports event-driven, functional,
and imperative (including object-oriented and prototype-based) programming styles. It has
an API for working with text, arrays, dates, regular expressions, and basic manipulation of
the DOM, but the language itself does not include any I/O, such as networking, storage, or
graphics facilities, relying for these upon the host environment in which it is embedded.
Initially only implemented client-side in web browsers, JavaScript engines are now embedded in
many other types of host software, including server-side in web servers and databases, and in
non-web programs such as word processors and PDF software, and in runtime environments that
make JavaScript available for writing mobile and desktop applications, including desktop
widgets.
Although there are strong outward similarities between JavaScript and Java, including language
name, syntax, and respective standard libraries, the two languages are distinct and differ greatly
in design; JavaScript was influenced by programming languages such as Self and Scheme.
4.1 History
1. First web Scripting language.
2. Developed by Netscape and Sun
21. 3. Initiated by Netscape
4.2 Why JS?
1. JavaScript enhances web pages with dynamic and interactive features.
2. JavaScript runs in client software.
3. JavaScript can react to events.
4. JavaScript can read/write/modify HTML elements.
4.3 JavaScript Terminology
JavaScript programming uses specialized terminology. Understanding JavaScript terms is
fundamental to understanding the script.
Objects
1. Objects refers to windows, documents, images, tables, forms, buttons or links, etc.
2. Objects should be named.
3. Objects have properties that act as modifiers.
Properties
1. Properties are object attributes.
2. Object attributes are defined by using the object’s name, a period and the property name.
Methods
1. Method are actions applied to particular objects.
2. Methods are what objects can do.
Functions
1. Functions are named statements that performs tasks.
2. JavaScript has built in functions and you can write your own.
22. Values
1. Values are bits of information.
2. Value types and some examples include:
Number: 1, 2, 3, etc.
String: characters enclosed in quotes.
Boolean: true or false.
Object: image, form.
Variables
1. Variables contains values and use the equal sign to specify their values.
2. Variables are created by declaration using the var command with or without an initial
value state.
4.4 Client-Side Script
When client makes the request, the HTML and all scripts will be downloaded into your browser
and then the resultant HTML will be displayed in the browser is called client-side script.
23. CHAPTER 6
SQL
SQL is a standard language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data in databases.
Our SQL tutorial will teach you how to use SQL in: MySQL, SQL Server, MS Access, Oracle,
Sybase, Informix, Postgres, and other database systems.
6.1 What is SQL?
SQL stands for Structured Query Language
SQL lets you access and manipulate databases
SQL became a standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1986,
and of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1987
6.2 What can SQL do?
SQL can execute queries against a database
SQL can retrieve data from a database
SQL can insert records in a database
SQL can update records in a database
SQL can delete records from a database
SQL can create new databases
SQL can create new tables in a database
SQL can create stored procedures in a database
SQL can create views in a database
SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views
6.3 Using SQL in your Web Site
To build a web site that shows data from a database, you will need:
24. An RDBMS database program (i.e. MS Access, SQL Server, MySQL)
To use a server-side scripting language, like PHP or ASP
To use SQL to get the data you want
To use HTML / CSS to style the page
6.4 Some of the most important SQL Commands
SELECT - extracts data from a database
UPDATE - updates data in a database
DELETE - deletes data from a database
INSERT INTO - inserts new data into a database
CREATE DATABASE - creates a new database
ALTER DATABASE - modifies a database
CREATE TABLE - creates a new table
ALTER TABLE - modifies a table
DROP TABLE - deletes a table
CREATE INDEX - creates an index (search key)
DROP INDEX - deletes an index
25. CHAPTER 7
React JS
React (also known as React.js or ReactJS) is a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. It
is maintained by Facebook and a community of individual developers and companies.
React can be used as a base in the development of single-page or mobile applications. Complex
React applications usually require the use of additional libraries for state management, routing,
and interaction with an API.
6.1 What is ReactJS?
A JavaScript library for building user interfaces. React js is created by the facebook by reusable
and interactive UI components.
6.2 Why ReactJS?
1. Virtual Dom – React js use the concept of virtual DOM which helps in the performance.
2. Unidirectional Data Flow – Compared to the two way binding. React js use the concept of
unidirectional data flow which improve the overall performance.
3. UI Components – Reusable and interactive components.
4. SEO Friendly – Components are client side as well as server side render hence they are SEO
friendly and no 3rd party plugin required.
5. Coding is simpler because of JSX.
6. React js own debugger.
6.3 Basic Usage
The following is a rudimentary example of React usage in HTML with JSX and JavaScript.
26. <div id="myReactApp"></div>
<script type="text/babel">
class Greeter extends React.Component {
render() {
return <h1>{this.props.greeting}</h1>
}
}
ReactDOM.render(<Greeter greeting="Hello, World!" />,
document.getElementById('myReactApp'));
</script>
Figure 7.1: “Hello, World!” React js program.
The Greeter class is a React component that accepts a property greeting.
The ReactDOM.render method creates an instance of the Greeter component, sets
the greeting property to 'Hello World' and inserts the rendered component as a child element to
the DOM element with id myReactApp.
When displayed in a web browser the result will be
<div id="myReactApp">
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
</div>
Figure 7.2: “Hello, World!” React js program as displayed in the web browser.
27. 6.4 Important Terms
JSX
JSX – JavaScript XML syntax transform.
It helps in making our writing code easier and faster. JSX lets us write HTML (not 100%) with
XML based object representation.
Components
In react js the whole application is break into components. Components are interactive, reusable
and stageful too. Everything in react js is components. The core building blocks of React
application is components only. Components interact with each other and maintain the state too.
Virtual DOM
1. React js uses the concept of Virtual DOM.
2. It selectively the subtree of DOM elements into the rendering of the DOM on state
change.
3. Use different algorithm with the browser DOM tree to identify the changes.
4. Instead of creating new object, React js just identify what change has taken place and
once it identifies, it updates that state.
5. It is improving the performance by creating a virtual DOM.
6. It can be render on server and sync on local.
Props
In react js props are like HTML properties. They are used to pass the data between the
components or via the states. In react js props can be accessed by this.props.propsname.
States
Every component has a State object. Can be set by using setState. setState triggers UI updates
and to get the initial state before the setState.
28. Nestedelements
Multiple elements on the same level need to be wrapped in a single container element such as
the <div> element shown above, or returned as an array.
Attributes
JSX provides a range of element attributes designed to mirror those provided by HTML. Custom
attributes can also be passed to the component. All attributes will be received by the component
as props.
29. CHAPTER 8
Node.js
Node.js is an open-source, cross-platform JavaScript run-time environment that executes
JavaScript code outside of a browser. Historically, JavaScript was used primarily for client-side
scripting, in which scripts written in JavaScript are embedded in a webpage's HTML and run
client-side by a JavaScript engine in the user's web browser. Node.js lets developers use
JavaScript to write Command Line tools and for server-side scripting—running scripts server-
side to produce dynamic web page content before the page is sent to the user's web browser.
Consequently, Node.js represents a "JavaScript everywhere" paradigm,[5] unifying web
application development around a single programming language, rather than different languages
for server side and client side scripts.
Though .js is the conventional filename extension for JavaScript code, the name "Node.js" does
not refer to a particular file in this context and is merely the name of the product. Node.js has
an event-driven architecture capable of asynchronous I/O. These design choices aim to
optimize throughput and scalability in web applications with many input/output operations, as
well as for real-time Web applications (e.g., real-time communication programs and browser
games).
7.1 Platform Architecture
Node.js brings event-driven programming to web servers, enabling development of fast web
servers in JavaScript. Developers can create highly scalable servers without using threading, by
using a simplified model of event-driven programming that uses callbacks to signal the
completion of a task. Node.js connects the ease of a scripting language (JavaScript) with the
power of Unix network programming.
Node.js was built on the Google V8 JavaScript engine since it was open-sourced under the BSD
license. It is extremely fast and proficient with internet fundamentals such
as HTTP, DNS, TCP. Also, JavaScript was a well-known language, making Node.js immediately
accessible to the entire web development community.
30. 7.1 TechnicalDetails
Node.js is a Javascript runtime environment that processes incoming requests in a loop, called
the event loop.
Threading
Node.js operates on a single thread, using non-blocking I/O calls, allowing it to support tens of
thousands of concurrent connections without incurring the cost of thread context switching. The
design of sharing a single thread among all the requests that use the observer pattern is intended
for building highly concurrent applications, where any function performing I/O must use
a callback. To accommodate the single-threaded event loop, Node.js uses the libuv library—
which, in turn, uses a fixed-sized thread pool that handles some of the non-blocking
asynchronous I/O operations.
A downside of this single-threaded approach is that Node.js doesn't allow vertical scaling by
increasing the number of CPU cores of the machine it is running on without using an additional
module, such as cluster, StrongLoop Process Manager, or pm2. However, developers can
increase the default number of threads in the libuv thread pool. The server operating system
(OS) is likely to distribute these threads across multiple cores.
A thread pool handles execution of parallel tasks in Node.js. The main thread call functions post
tasks to the shared task queue, which threads in the thread pool pull and execute. Inherently non-
blocking system functions such as networking translate to kernel-side non-blocking sockets,
while inherently blocking system functions such as file I/O run in a blocking way on their own
threads. When a thread in the thread pool completes a task, it informs the main thread of this,
which in turn, wakes up and executes the registered callback. Since Node.js handles callbacks in
serial on the main thread, long lasting computations and other CPU-bound tasks freeze the entire
event-loop until completion.
V8
V8 is the JavaScript execution engine which was initially built for Google Chrome. It was then
open-sourced by Google in 2008. Written in C++, V8 compiles JavaScript source code to
native machine code instead of interpreting it in real time.
31. Node.js uses libuv to handle asynchronous events. Libuv is an abstraction layer for network and
file system functionality on both Windows and POSIX-based systems such as Linux, macOS,
OSS on NonStop, and Unix.
The core functionality of Node.js resides in a JavaScript library. The Node.js bindings, written in
C++, connect these technologies to each other and to the operating system.
Packagemanagement
npm is the pre-installed package manager for the Node.js server platform. It installs Node.js
programs from the npm registry, organizing the installation and management of third-party
Node.js programs. Packages in the npm registry can range from simple helper libraries such
as Lodash to task runners such as Grunt.
Unified API
Node.js can be combined with a browser, a database that supports JSON data (such
as Postgres, MongoDB, or CouchDB) and JSON for a unified JavaScript development stack.
With the adaptation of what were essentially server-side development patterns such
as MVC, MVP, MVVM, etc., Node.js allows the reuse of the same model and service interface
between client-side and server-side.
Event loop
Node.js registers with the operating system so the OS notifies it of connections and issues a
callback. Within the Node.js runtime, each connection is a small heap allocation. Traditionally,
relatively heavyweight OS processes or threads handled each connection. Node.js uses an event
loop for scalability, instead of processes or threads. In contrast to other event-driven servers,
Node.js's event loop does not need to be called explicitly. Instead callbacks are defined, and the
server automatically enters the event loop at the end of the callback definition. Node.js exits the
event loop when there are no further callbacks to be performed.
7.2 npm
npm is a package manager for the JavaScript programming language. It is the default package
manager for the JavaScript runtime environment Node.js. It consists of a command line client,
also called npm, and an online database of public and paid-for private packages, called the npm
32. registry. The registry is accessed via the client, and the available packages can be browsed and
searched via the npm website. The package manager and the registry are managed by npm, Inc.