What is Nginx and Why You Should to Use it with Wordpress Hosting
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The document provides an overview of NGINX, detailing its functionality as a web server, application gateway, and reverse proxy for high concurrency and efficient resource use. It highlights the growth and importance of NGINX in modern web architecture, especially with applications like WordPress, while also discussing best practices for configuration and optimization. Additionally, it addresses the transition from traditional LAMP stack to the more efficient LEMP stack using NGINX.
What is Nginx and Why You Should to Use it with Wordpress Hosting
- 1. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM
- 2. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM Who are we? Floyd Smith Technical Marketing Writer Formerly: • HSBC, Apple, AltaVista • Author, including WordPress in Depth Kunal Pariani Pre-sales engineer Faisal Memon Product Marketer Patrick Nommensen Digital Marketing Manager
- 3. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM nginx.conf September 7th-9th Austin, Texas – first time out of the Bay! www.nginx.com/nginxconf Code: MEETUP 50% off 2-day and All-Access passes Final day is training
- 4. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM Good/bad/good news Good news: I do have some WordPress 2ps, and can point you to more. Bad news: I’ll take a roundabout route to get there. Good news: By the end you’ll have a very good idea of your op2ons. Resources: 1. Our master NGINX/WordPress 2ps ar2cle 2. Fresh start with microservices 3. “NGINX WordPress” is a surprisingly fruiMul search
- 5. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM What will we not do?
- 6. Some questions for you all... • Your sites • Your nightmares • Your NGINX knowledge and use • Open source NGINX and NGINX Plus 6
- 7. And now, a little bit about NGINX... 7
- 8. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM “… when I started NGINX, I focused on a very specific problem – how to handle more customers per a single server.” - Igor Sysoev, NGINX creator and founder
- 9. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM “I wanted people to use it, so I made it open source.”
- 10. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM • First OSS release in 2004 • Company founded in 2011 • VC-backed by industry leaders • 500+ Customers • 75+ Employees Igor Sysoev, NGINX creator and founder
- 11. What is NGINX? Internet Webserver Serve content from disk Application Gateway FastCGI, uWSGI, Passenger… Reverse Proxy Caching, Load Balancing… HTTP traffic
- 12. High Concurrency for Web Scale Source: Webfaction Blog: http://blog.webfaction.com/2008/12/a-little-holiday-present-10000-reqssec-with-nginx-2/
- 13. Low Memory Use Drives Performance Source: Webfac2on Blog: hOp://blog.webfac2on.com/2008/12/a-‐liOle-‐holiday-‐present-‐10000-‐reqssec-‐with-‐nginx-‐2/
- 14. NGINX has become the heart of the modern web 14
- 15. 160 milliontotal sites running on NGINX 15Source: Netcraft June 2015 Web Server Survey
- 16. 51%of the Top 10,000 most visited websites 16Source: W3Techs Web Technology Survey
- 17. 36%of all sites on Amazon Web Services 17Source: W3Techs December 2013 Web Server Survey
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- 19. Building a great application is only half the battle, delivering the application is the other half. 19
- 20. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM
- 21. ü Application Load Balancing • Round Robin? Least time? Least Connections? ü Automated Failover ü Session Persistence and Slow Restart ü Advanced Cache Controls ü Content switching and request routing #1: Load Balancing and Caching NGINX Plus features
- 22. • SSL everywhere • Authentication • Whitelist, Blacklists, GEOIp • Set up smart access limits: – Request limiting – Bandwidth controls – Limit connections #2: Security & Access Control
- 23. ü Enable developers to control app delivery! • Manage configurations with every deployment ü On-the-fly load-balancing configuration • React in real time! ü No down time with live binary updates ü Live activity monitoring – via GUI, API, JSON • Enable remote logging (with syslog) NGINX Plus feature #3: Monitoring & Management
- 24. • Extended HTTP status ✓ • JSON Response ✓ • Plug-ins for Dynatrace, New Relic, DataDog, etc. NGINX Plus feature #4: Advanced Statistics
- 26. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM WordPress is Huge About a quarter of all sites are now built on open-‐source WordPress soVware, including sites for eBay, Mozilla, RackSpace, TechCrunch, CNN, MTV, the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal. WordPress.com, the most popular site for user-‐created blogs, also runs on WordPress open source soVware. NGINX powers WordPress.com.
- 27. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM Easy, Hard, and Optimal Solutions The easy solu)on is to totally re-‐imagine the situa2on and not change your core code and configura2on at all. Costs some $ but no trouble. The hard solu)on is to change your webserver and reconfigure a bunch of stuff, without spending a dime. The op)mal solu)on is, all of the above.
- 28. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM The LAMP Bottleneck Two main causes of boOlenecks are: • The Apache web server – Apache consumes substan2al resources for each and every connec2on. Memory can be exhausted and performance slows because data has to be paged back and forth to disk. • The PHP/MySQL interac)on – Together, an applica2on server running PHP and a MySQL database server can serve a maximum number of requests per second. When the number of requests exceeds the maximum, users have to wait. Exceeding the maximum can cause significant performance problems.
- 29. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM Reverse Proxy Server Plus Caching Three tricks in one: • Reverse Proxy Server – Move user I/O to an external server. • Cache Sta)c Files – Move JPEGs, CSS files etc. to the reverse proxy server. • Cache Dynamic Files – Get current content for non-‐logged-‐in users once per second. Then for 10/50/100 requests per second, serve the (briefly) cached file.
- 30. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM OPEN SOURCE PLUS FEATURES REQUEST ROUTING COMPRESSION LOAD BALANCING APP HEALTH MONITORING GUI VISUALIZATION SSL EMBEDDED SCRIPT LANGUAGE EDGE CACHE MEDIA STREAMING MONITORING ANALYTICS CONFIGURATION RESTFUL API What’s inside NGINX Plus? 30
- 31. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM The LEMP Solution Two steps to LEMP: • Replace LAMP (Linux-‐Apache-‐MySQL-‐PHP) with LEMP (Linux-‐(e)NGINX-‐MySQL-‐PHP) – NGINX is faster and more stable. • Make Needed Updates: 1. Permalinks instead of .htaccess 2. Caching with FastCGI Cache etc. 3. Implement security precau2ons 4. Configure WordPress Mul2site w/proper file structure
- 32. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM 1. Permalink Support for NGINX • Why .htaccess is bad • NGINX config server { server_name example.com www.example.com; root /var/www/example.com/htdocs; index index.php; access_log /var/log/nginx/ example.com.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/ example.com.error.log; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php? $args; } }
- 33. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM 2. Configure NGINX for FastCGI (or ...) • FastCGI is most popular and most flexible • W3 Total Cache, WP Super Cache, and others work well too fastcgi_cache_path /var/run/nginx-cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=WORDPRESS:100m inactive=60m; fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri"; server { server_name example.com www.example.com; root /var/www/example.com/htdocs; index index.php; access_log /var/log/nginx/example.com.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/example.com.error.log; set $skip_cache 0; # POST requests and URLs with a query string should always go to PHP…
- 34. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM 3. Secure NGINX • Best to do this at reverse proxy server *and* at webserver # Restrict access to WordPress dashboard location /wp-admin { deny 192.192.9.9; allow 192.192.1.0/24; allow 10.1.1.0/16; deny all; # Deny access to uploads that aren’t images, videos, music, etc. location ~* ^/wp-content/uploads/.*.(html|htm|shtml|php|js|swf)$ { deny all; }
- 35. App Delivery ControllerDatabase App Servers Web Servers N You can add us to your current stack today
- 36. App Delivery ControllerStorage App Servers Web Servers N N N You can add us to your current stack today
- 37. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM Or... Eff it, let’s just do microservices
- 38. Moving from monolith to microservices Application Delivery Monolithic Application Clustered Database Deployment Platform Architecture 38
- 39. Application delivery for microservices NGINX is in each microservice, ensuring they are: • Connected • Served • Authenticated • Secured • Cached • Load Balanced • Scaled 39
- 40. You can also use NGINX in your API Gateway 40 NGINX Plus provides: • Integration • Security • Request Routing • Optimization • Scalability
- 41. MORE INFORMATION AT NGINX.COM Flawless application delivery made easy 41 Load Balancer Monitoring & Management Web ServerContent Cache Streaming Media
- 42. Thank You nginx.com | @nginx