Your Framework for Success: introduction to JavaScript Testing at Scale

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The document provides an overview of the evolution of JavaScript testing frameworks, specifically focusing on Selenium, WebDriver, and other testing tools from 2004 to the present. It distinguishes between conventional and non-standard automation tools while discussing their capabilities and the development of official web standards for browser automation. Additionally, it outlines the challenges faced by cloud providers in adopting these tools.

Your Framework
for Success
Introduction to JavaScript Testing at Scale

Open Source Program Ofﬁce @saucelabs
Christian Bromann
@christian-bromann
@bromann
Daniel Graham
Sr. Software Engineer @saucelabs

—CARL SAGAN
“You have to know the past to understand the
present.”

2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2019 ?
Simon
Stewart
created
WebDriver
05
Selenium and
WebDriver
merge into
Selenium-WebDriver
09
Jason
Huggins
(Sauce Labs
Co-Founder)
created
Selenium
04
Sauce Labs
was
founded
08
Cypress.io
was founded
15
WebDriver
becomes W3C
Recommendation
18
WebDriver BiDi
work initiated
19
1st Release of
Selenium-WebDriver
JS Bindings
1st Appium
Release
1st Testcafe
Release
1st Puppeteer
Release
Cypress
Public Beta
1st Playwright
Release
WHAT HAPPENED PREVIOUSLY...
1st Protractor
Release
1st WebdriverIO
Release
W3C WG starts
to spec
WebDriver
Protocol
12
*v2

Types of Tools
Conventional
Non-Standard

Conventional Tools
● based on the W3C WebDriver speciﬁcation
● true cross browser automation
● browser and mobile support
● limited automation capabilities - QA focus
● Open governed open source projects with
long history and large communities

Non-Standard Tools
● custom (non-standardised) automation
○ based on browser APIs
○ or JavaScript emulation
● Limited cross browser support
● More automation capabilities - developer
focus
● Company baked and governed Open
Source projects
○ Cypress.io → Cypress
○ Testcafe → DevExpress
○ Playwright → Microsoft
○ Puppeteer → Google

Through the WebDriver
protocol
AUTOMATION STRATEGIES
WebdriverIO
Through WebDriver &
browser APIs
Selenium
Testcafe
Through Web
APIs
Puppeteer
Through browser APIs
Cypress.io
Through Web +
browser APIs
Playwright
Through custom /
modiﬁed browser APIs

3rd generation of automating
browsers
Ofﬁcial Web Standard
developed at W3C in a
common effort by all browser
vendors
Thoroughly tested as part of
the web platform test suite
Limited capabilities -
originally designed to
automate from the user POV
2nd generation of
automating browsers
Available in all browser
engines (Chromium/Gecko
and WebKit)
Accessible only in Chromium
and Firefox
Also used for debugging
purposes (e.g. Chrome
DevTools)
WAYS TO AUTOMATE A BROWSER
Browser APIs
Web APIs
1st generation of automating
(initially used by Selenium in
2004)
Provides full control of the
execution environment
Automation commands are
mostly emulated
Comes with limitations, e.g.
no switching windows or
cross origin iFrame support
WebDriver Protocol
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by
Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, infographics &
images by Freepik.
SAUCECTL
Sauce Testrunner Toolkit
$ npm install --save-dev saucectl

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by
Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, infographics &
images by Freepik.
Thank
you!
Any questions?
@christian-bromann
@bromann

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1. Your Framework for Success Introduction to JavaScript Testing at Scale

2. Open Source Program Ofﬁce @saucelabs Christian Bromann @christian-bromann @bromann Daniel Graham Sr. Software Engineer @saucelabs

3. —CARL SAGAN “You have to know the past to understand the present.”

4. 2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2019 ? Simon Stewart created WebDriver 05 Selenium and WebDriver merge into Selenium-WebDriver 09 Jason Huggins (Sauce Labs Co-Founder) created Selenium 04 Sauce Labs was founded 08 Cypress.io was founded 15 WebDriver becomes W3C Recommendation 18 WebDriver BiDi work initiated 19 1st Release of Selenium-WebDriver JS Bindings 1st Appium Release 1st Testcafe Release 1st Puppeteer Release Cypress Public Beta 1st Playwright Release WHAT HAPPENED PREVIOUSLY... 1st Protractor Release 1st WebdriverIO Release W3C WG starts to spec WebDriver Protocol 12 *v2

5. Types of Tools Conventional Non-Standard

6. Conventional Tools ● based on the W3C WebDriver speciﬁcation ● true cross browser automation ● browser and mobile support ● limited automation capabilities - QA focus ● Open governed open source projects with long history and large communities

7. Non-Standard Tools ● custom (non-standardised) automation ○ based on browser APIs ○ or JavaScript emulation ● Limited cross browser support ● More automation capabilities - developer focus ● Company baked and governed Open Source projects ○ Cypress.io → Cypress ○ Testcafe → DevExpress ○ Playwright → Microsoft ○ Puppeteer → Google

8. Through the WebDriver protocol AUTOMATION STRATEGIES WebdriverIO Through WebDriver & browser APIs Selenium Testcafe Through Web APIs Puppeteer Through browser APIs Cypress.io Through Web + browser APIs Playwright Through custom / modiﬁed browser APIs

9. 3rd generation of automating browsers Ofﬁcial Web Standard developed at W3C in a common effort by all browser vendors Thoroughly tested as part of the web platform test suite Limited capabilities - originally designed to automate from the user POV 2nd generation of automating browsers Available in all browser engines (Chromium/Gecko and WebKit) Accessible only in Chromium and Firefox Also used for debugging purposes (e.g. Chrome DevTools) WAYS TO AUTOMATE A BROWSER Browser APIs Web APIs 1st generation of automating (initially used by Selenium in 2004) Provides full control of the execution environment Automation commands are mostly emulated Comes with limitations, e.g. no switching windows or cross origin iFrame support WebDriver Protocol ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

10. Web APIs Proxy iFrame

11. 3rd generation of automating browsers Ofﬁcial Web Standard developed at W3C in a common effort by all browser vendors Thoroughly tested as part of the web platform test suite Limited capabilities - originally designed to automate from the user POV 2nd generation of automating browsers Available in all browser engines (Chromium/Gecko and WebKit) Accessible only in Chromium and Firefox Also used for debugging purposes (e.g. Chrome DevTools) WAYS TO AUTOMATE A BROWSER Browser APIs Web APIs 1st generation of automating (initially used by Selenium in 2004) Provides full control of the execution environment Automation commands are mostly emulated Comes with limitations, e.g. no switching windows or cross origin iFrame support WebDriver Protocol ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

12. Browser API

13. 3rd generation of automating browsers Ofﬁcial Web Standard developed at W3C in a common effort by all browser vendors Thoroughly tested as part of the web platform test suite Limited capabilities - originally designed to automate from the user POV 2nd generation of automating browsers Available in all browser engines (Chromium/Gecko and WebKit) Accessible only in Chromium and Firefox Also used for debugging purposes (e.g. Chrome DevTools) WAYS TO AUTOMATE A BROWSER Browser APIs JavaScript APIs 1st generation of automating (initially used by Selenium in 2004) Provides full control of the execution environment Automation commands are mostly emulated Comes with limitations, e.g. no switching windows or cross origin iFrame support WebDriver Protocol ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

14. Go to URL Current WebDriver Protocol

15. done 200ms Current WebDriver Protocol

16. CHALLENGES FOR CLOUD PROVIDER

17. CHALLENGES FOR CLOUD PROVIDER

18. CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik. SAUCECTL Sauce Testrunner Toolkit $ npm install --save-dev saucectl

19. SauceCTL Test Bundle Dashboard

20. CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik. Thank you! Any questions? @christian-bromann @bromann

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