![Searching with Solr Tom Hill [email_address] eBig Java SIG, June 18th, 2008](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solr-talk-ebig-1214101821824334-9/85/An-Introduction-to-Solr-1-320.jpg)
![Simple Webapp Web Servers[1..n] Database Master Database Slaves[0..n] Solr Master Solr Slaves[0..n]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solr-talk-ebig-1214101821824334-9/85/An-Introduction-to-Solr-17-320.jpg)
![Solr Query Syntax Lucene Query Syntax + a bit paris city:paris title:"The Right Way" AND text:go id:[* TO *]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solr-talk-ebig-1214101821824334-9/85/An-Introduction-to-Solr-22-320.jpg)
![Getting Data Into Solr POST it. <add> <doc> <field name="employeeId">05991</field> <field name="office">Bridgewater</field> <field name="skills">Perl</field> <field name="skills">Java</field> </doc> [<doc> ... </doc>[<doc> ... </doc>]] </add>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solr-talk-ebig-1214101821824334-9/85/An-Introduction-to-Solr-25-320.jpg)
![Getting Data Into Solr POST it. <add> < doc > <field name="employeeId">05991</field> <field name="office">Bridgewater</field> <field name="skills">Perl</field> <field name="skills">Java</field> </ doc > [<doc> ... </doc>[<doc> ... </doc>]] </add>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solr-talk-ebig-1214101821824334-9/85/An-Introduction-to-Solr-26-320.jpg)
![Getting Data Into Solr POST it. <add> <doc> <field name=" employeeId "> 05991 </field> <field name="office">Bridgewater</field> <field name="skills">Perl</field> <field name="skills">Java</field> </doc> [<doc> ... </doc>[<doc> ... </doc>]] </add>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solr-talk-ebig-1214101821824334-9/85/An-Introduction-to-Solr-27-320.jpg)
![Getting Data Out http://localhost:8080/comix/select/?q=data&indent=on { "responseHeader":{ "status":0, "QTime":1, "params":{ "wt":"json", "rows":["1", "1"], "start":"0", "indent":"on", "q":"data", "version":"2.2"}}, "response":{"numFound":2,"start":0,"docs":[ { "feature_id":"3", "release_date":"1992-05-07", "id":"strip.3136", "timestamp":"2008-02-28T10:06:01.682Z"}] }} JSON format](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solr-talk-ebig-1214101821824334-9/85/An-Introduction-to-Solr-32-320.jpg)
![Thanks! Thanks for coming. Feel free to email me if you have questions about Solr Tom Hill [email_address]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/solr-talk-ebig-1214101821824334-9/85/An-Introduction-to-Solr-69-320.jpg)
An Introduction to Solr
- 1. Searching with Solr Tom Hill [email_address] eBig Java SIG, June 18th, 2008
- 2. Tonight's Talk Tonight's Talk should run about 1 1/2 hours About Solr Background & overview Installing & Bringing Up Solr Rest Interface & Java Client Configuring Solr
- 3. Why Implement Search? Does your site need search? Do you need to implement it, or is Google enough? Just text or Structured Data? Do you need to control ranking?
- 4. What is Solr? Web application for text search A wrapper around Apache Lucene Lucene is a library (.jar file) Solr is a web app (.war file) Written at CNet, now at Apache
- 5. What is Lucene? Text search library in Java Fast, feature rich. Written by Doug Cutting Active Apache development community Versions also in C++, C#, Ruby, Python, Delphi, Lisp, etc...
- 6. Why Solr? Reliable Fast Supported Open Source Tunable Scoring
- 7. Solr Versions Current Version is 1.2 A year old 1.3 is coming "sometime" Large number of features in HEAD Use the latest from subversion for new projects
- 8. Alternatives to Solr Just Use Google Use Lucene Use Your Database Commercial Libraries Write your own
- 9. What Solr is Not A replacement for a relational database An embedded database* Fully cross platform :-( Replication depends on unix FS Admin scripts are bash(minor)
- 10. Solr Sites CNet (Reviews & Products) Internet Archive (Collections) Netflix (Movies) Zvents (Events) StripSearch.ws (Comics) And many more
- 11. Features Here's a quick look at some of the features of Solr, as implemented on Zvents.com
- 13. Faceted Navigation Groups the results by category Can do multiple facets at once Returns matching counts
- 15. Synonyms, etc.
- 16. Solr Overview
- 17. Simple Webapp Web Servers[1..n] Database Master Database Slaves[0..n] Solr Master Solr Slaves[0..n]
- 18. Scaling Solr Master/Slave architecture Writes to master/reads to slaves Replication: Periodic transfers, not continuous Rsync
- 19. Updates Updates flush caches, bad for performance Master therefor much slower than slaves So send all queries to slaves Depends on your update rates
- 20. Solr's Data Model Solr maintains a collection of documents A document is a collection of fields & values A field can occur multiple times in a document Documents are immutable. They can be deleted, and a new version added, however.
- 21. Querying Http request http://localhost:8080/comix/select/?q=java
- 22. Solr Query Syntax Lucene Query Syntax + a bit paris city:paris title:"The Right Way" AND text:go id:[* TO *]
- 23. Solr Query Syntax II -inStock:false te?t theat* te*t test~
- 24. Using Solr Getting data into Solr Getting data out of Solr
- 25. Getting Data Into Solr POST it. <add> <doc> <field name="employeeId">05991</field> <field name="office">Bridgewater</field> <field name="skills">Perl</field> <field name="skills">Java</field> </doc> [<doc> ... </doc>[<doc> ... </doc>]] </add>
- 26. Getting Data Into Solr POST it. <add> < doc > <field name="employeeId">05991</field> <field name="office">Bridgewater</field> <field name="skills">Perl</field> <field name="skills">Java</field> </ doc > [<doc> ... </doc>[<doc> ... </doc>]] </add>
- 27. Getting Data Into Solr POST it. <add> <doc> <field name=" employeeId "> 05991 </field> <field name="office">Bridgewater</field> <field name="skills">Perl</field> <field name="skills">Java</field> </doc> [<doc> ... </doc>[<doc> ... </doc>]] </add>
- 28. Committing Nothing shows up in the index until you commit You can just POST <commit/> to http:// host : port /solr/update
- 29. Getting Data Out http://localhost:8080/comix/select/?q=data&indent=on <response> <lst name="responseHeader"> <int name="status">0</int> <int name="QTime">0</int> <lst name="params"> <str name="indent">on</str> <str name="q">data</str> </lst> </lst> <result name="response" numFound="2" start="0"> <doc> <str name="id">strip.3136</str> <str name="release_date">1992-05-07</str> <date name="timestamp">2008-02-28T10:06:01.682Z</date> <str name="type">strip</str> </doc> </result> </response>
- 30. Getting Data Out http://localhost:8080/comix/select/?q=data&indent=on <response> <lst name="responseHeader"> <int name="status">0</int> <int name="QTime">0</int> <lst name="params"> <str name="indent">on</str> <str name="q">data</str> </lst> </lst> <result name="response" numFound="2" start="0"> <doc> <str name="id">strip.3136</str> <str name="release_date">1992-05-07</str> <date name="timestamp">2008-02-28T10:06:01.682Z</date> <str name="type">strip</str> </doc> </result> </response>
- 31. Getting Data Out http://localhost:8080/comix/select/?q=data&indent=on <response> <lst name="responseHeader"> <int name="status">0</int> <int name="QTime">0</int> <lst name="params"> <str name="indent">on</str> <str name="q">data</str> </lst> </lst> <result name="response" numFound="2" start="0"> <doc> <str name="id">strip.3136</str> <str name="release_date">1992-05-07</str> <date name="timestamp">2008-02-28T10:06:01.682Z</date> <str name="type">strip</str> </doc> ... </result> </response>
- 32. Getting Data Out http://localhost:8080/comix/select/?q=data&indent=on { "responseHeader":{ "status":0, "QTime":1, "params":{ "wt":"json", "rows":["1", "1"], "start":"0", "indent":"on", "q":"data", "version":"2.2"}}, "response":{"numFound":2,"start":0,"docs":[ { "feature_id":"3", "release_date":"1992-05-07", "id":"strip.3136", "timestamp":"2008-02-28T10:06:01.682Z"}] }} JSON format
- 33. Debug Query Option Add &debugQuery=on to request params Returns parsed form of query <str name="rawquerystring">c.i.a</str><str name="querystring">c.i.a</str><str name="parsedquery">PhraseQuery(text:"c i a")</str><str name="parsedquery_toString">text:"c i a"</str>
- 34. Debug Query Option II Add &debugQuery=on to request params Returns scoring information <str name="id=strip.2781,internal_docid=29854"> 2.6219895 = (MATCH) fieldWeight(text:calvin in 29854), product of: 1.0 = tf(termFreq(text:calvin)=1) 2.6219895 = idf(docFreq=6222) 1.0 = fieldNorm(field=text, doc=29854) </str> <str name="id=strip.4078,internal_docid=31151"> 2.6219895 = (MATCH) fieldWeight(text:calvin in 31151), product of: 1.0 = tf(termFreq(text:calvin)=1) 2.6219895 = idf(docFreq=6222) 1.0 = fieldNorm(field=text, doc=31151) </str>
- 35. Deleting Data POST <delete><id>35</id></delete> <delete><query>city:paris</query></delete>
- 36. Command Line Control curl http://localhost:8983/solr/update -H "Content-type: text/xml" --data-binary '<commit/>' <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><response><lst name="responseHeader"> <int name="status">0</int> <int name="QTime">20</int> </lst></response> </lst></response> </lst></response>
- 37. Solr in 3 minutes! Download Solr from Apache Untar "ant example" Start the example app Load data into Solr Query
- 38. Solr in Ten Minutes <Context docBase="/var/solr/apache-solr-1.2.0.war" debug="0" crossContext="true" > <Environment name="solr/home" type="java.lang.String" value="/var/solr" override="true" /></Context> Copy Solr's example/solr dir to /var/solr Edit schema.xml and solrconfig.xml Load data into Solr In $CATALINA_HOME/conf/Catalina/localhost/foo.xml
- 39. Directory Layout ${solr.home}/conf schema.xml solrconfig.xml ${solr.home}/data ${solr.home}/logs ${solr.home}/bin
- 40. Java Solr Client Called SolrJ Not in Solr 1.2. I grabbed from the HEAD from svn Works with Solr 1.2 Add/Delete/Query/Commit/Optimize
- 41. Adding Docs w/SolrJ Given Map<String, String> fields; CommonsHttpSolrServer server = new CommonsHttpSolrServer( url ); SolrInputDocument doc= new SolrInputDocument(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : fields.entrySet()){ doc.addField(e.getKey(), e.getValue()); } UpdateResponse res = server .add( doc);
- 42. Deleting Docs w/SolrJ CommonsHttpSolrServer server = new CommonsHttpSolrServer( url ); UpdateResponse res; res = server .deleteById("100"); res = server .deleteByQuery("city:paris");
- 43. Simple Query CommonsHttpSolrServer server = new CommonsHttpSolrServer( url ); SolrQuery query = new SolrQuery(); query.setQuery("dance"); QueryResponse rsp = server .query(query);
- 44. More Interesting Query CommonsHttpSolrServer server = new CommonsHttpSolrServer( url ); SolrQuery query = new SolrQuery(); query.setQuery("dance"); query.setFacet( true ); query.addFacetField("city"); query.setFacetMinCount(1); query.addSortField( "price", SolrQuery.ORDER.asc ); QueryResponse rsp = server .query(query);
- 45. Query Responses QueryResponse qr = server .query(query); SolrDocumentList docs = qr.getResults(); List<FacetField> lf = qr.getFacetFields(); for (FacetField ff: lf) { String fieldName = ff.getName(); List<FacetField.Count> lc = ff.getValues(); for (FacetField.Count c: lc) { String countName = c.getName(); long count = c.getCount(); } }
- 46. Other Commands Commit server.commit() Optimize server.optimize() Not too complicated!
- 47. Request Handlers Request handler define how the query is processed. Two main types StandardRequestHandler DisMaxRequestHandler You can implement your own Changing in Solr 1.3
- 48. "Standard" Request Handler Accepts Solr Query Syntax I tend to use it for my queries, not user queries.
- 49. DisMaxRequestHandler Recommended for user queries Allows simple users keywords to be applied to multiple fields, with weighting. Boost Functions Boost Queries
- 50. Boost Functions Allow you to influence scoring at run time Computationally Expensive! Really useful for tuning scoring linear(x,2,4) returns 2*x+4 x is a field
- 51. The Solr Schema schema.xml Defines types used in this webapp Defines the fields and their types Defines "copyFields" READ THE EXAMPLE SCHEMA.XML
- 52. Types Types define processing for a field How the words are split (Whitespace? Punctuation? CIA != C.I.A.) Stemming Case Folding, etc Predefined date, int, float, etc c
- 53. Analysis: Index and Query Time Types have two modes Index Time Query Time
- 54. Simple Text Field <fieldType name="text" class="solr.TextField" positionIncrementGap= "100"> <analyzer type="index"> <tokenizer class="solr.WhitespaceTokenizerFactory"/> <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt"/></analyzer><analyzer type="query"><tokenizer class="solr.WhitespaceTokenizerFactory"/> <filter class="solr.SynonymFilterFactory" synonyms="synonyms.txt" ignoreCase="true" expand="true"/> <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt"/></analyzer></fieldType> <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt"/></analyzer></fieldType> <filter class="solr.StopFilterFactory" ignoreCase="true" words="stopwords.txt"/></analyzer></fieldType>
- 55. Analysis & Facets Make sure to use an untokenized field for faceting. "San Jose" != "San" "Jose"
- 56. Fields Elements of a document Both predefined & dynamic Fields may occur multiple times Maybe indexed and/or stored
- 57. Example Fields <field name="id" type="string" indexed="true" stored="true" required="true" /><field name="name" type="text" indexed="true" stored="true"/><field name="alphaNameSort" type="alphaOnlySort" indexed="true" stored="false"/>
- 58. Copy Fields Two main uses To analyze a field in two different ways To concatenate fields
- 59. The Solr Config File solrconfig.xml Defines request handlers, defaults, caches, Read the example solrconfig.xml
- 60. Configuring DisMax Parameter defaults set in solrconfig.xml Can be overridden in each request Except for params labeled invariant
- 61. DisMax Config Example <requestHandler name="dismax" class="solr.DisMaxRequestHandler" > <lst name="defaults"> <str name="echoParams">explicit</str> <float name="tie">0.01</float> <str name="qf"> text^0.5 features^1.0 name^1.2 sku^1.5 id^10.0 manu^1.1 cat^1.4 </str> <str name="pf"> text^0.2 features^1.1 name^1.5 manu^1.4 manu_exact^1.9 </str> ... </requestHandler>
- 62. DisMax Config Example <requestHandler name="dismax" class="solr.DisMaxRequestHandler" > ... <str name="bf"> ord(poplarity)^0.5 recip(rord(price),1,1000,1000)^0.3 </str> <str name="fl"> id,name,price,score </str>... </requestHandler>
- 63. DisMax Config Example <requestHandler name="dismax" class="solr.DisMaxRequestHandler" > ... <str name="mm"> 2<-1 5<-2 6<90% </str> <int name="ps">100</int> <str name="q.alt">*:*</str> </lst> </requestHandler>
- 64. Wrap Up
- 65. Resources Solr http://lucene.apache.org/solr/ wiki, mailing list, jira (bugs/features) Lucene http://lucene.apache.org /
- 66. Lucene In Action
- 67. Building Search Applications with Lucene, lingpipe and Gate Manu Konchady Manu Konchady Manu Konchady
- 68. Other Presentations Yonik Seely's Solr & Lucene http://people.apache.org/~yonik/presentations/ Slideshare.net Search for solr, or search for lucene
- 69. Thanks! Thanks for coming. Feel free to email me if you have questions about Solr Tom Hill [email_address]
- 70. Extra Slides Things I didn't have time for in the presentation. Some of them unfinished.
- 71. Search Engines are not the Same as Users Search engines have different usage patterns than users
- 72. Response Writers http://localhost:8983/solr/select/?q=text_t%3Atiger&version=2.2&start=0&rows=10&indent=on& wt=ruby http://localhost:8983/solr/select/?q=text_t%3Atiger&version=2.2&start=0&rows=10&indent=on& wt=xml
- 73. Explain Just why did the documents come up in that order?
- 74. Data Matters Gigo The better the data is, the better the search will be.
- 75. Watch Your Caches Just like any other app, check your statistics What's the hit rate for your caches?
- 76. Setting Up Replication Run rsyncd on the master Run snapshot on the master at intervals Run snappuller on the slaves at (different) intervals. Scripts don't print errors! Check the logs Use bash -xv
- 77. Autowarming Runs after an update to the index Updates flush caches Runs some queries to populate caches again Can be a problem, with frequent updates Don't autowarm master, if updating lots
- 78. Tour Of Solr's Web UI
- 79. Programming Collective Intelligence A Really Fun Book
- 80. Geographic Searching Local Lucene & Local Solr http://locallucene.wiki.sourceforge.net There's also geolucene, but it's not being actively developed, as far as I can tell. http://www.gossamer-threads.com/lists/l ucene/java-dev/53378
- 81. http://localhost:8983/solr/admin/stats.jsp#update Are there commits pending?