C++ Program to Implement Queue

Queue

The queue which is implemented as FIFO where insertions are done at one end (rear) and deletions are done from another end (front). The first element that entered is deleted first.

Queue operations are −

EnQueue (int data) − Insertion at rear end

int DeQueue()− Deletion from front end

This is a C++ program to implement queue using array.

Algorithm

Begin
   function Enqueue() to insert elements in queue:
      If queue is completely filled up then print “Overflow”.
      Otherwise insert element at rear.
      Update the value of rear
End
Begin
   function Dequeue() to delete elements from queue:
      If queue is completely empty then print “Underflow”.
      Otherwise insert element from the front.
      Update the value of rear.
End

Example Code

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
struct Q {
   int f, r, capacity;
   int* q;
   Q(int c) {
      f = r= 0;
      capacity = c;
      q = new int;
   }
   ~Q() { delete[] q; }
   void Enqueue(int d) {
      if (capacity == r) { //check if queue is empty or not
         printf("\nQueue is full\n");
         return;
      } else {
         q[r] = d; //insert data
         r++; //update rear
      }
      return;
   }
   void Dequeue() {
      if (f == r) {
         printf("\nQueue is empty\n");
         return;
      } else {
         for (int i = 0; i < r - 1; i++) {
            q[i] = q[i + 1];
         }
         r--; //update rear
      }
      return;
   }
   void Display() //display the queue {
      int i;
      if (f == r) {
         printf("\nQueue is Empty\n");
         return;
      }
      for (i = f; i < r; i++) {
         printf(" %d <-- ", q[i]);
      }
      return;
   }
   void Front() {
      if (f == r) {
         printf("\nQueue is Empty\n");
         return;
      }
      printf("\nFront Element is: %d", q[f]); //print front element of queue
      return;
   }
};
int main(void) {
   Q qu(3);
   qu.Display();
   cout<<"after inserting elements"<<endl;
   qu.Enqueue(10);
   qu.Enqueue(20);
   qu.Enqueue(30);
   qu.Display();
   qu.Dequeue();
   qu.Dequeue();
   printf("\n\nafter two node deletion\n\n");
   qu.Display();
   qu.Front();
   return 0;
}

Output

Queue is Empty
10 <-- 20 <-- 30 <--

after two node deletion

30 <--
Front Element is: 30