PHP - Assignment Operators Examples

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You can use assignment operators in PHP to assign values to variables. Assignment operators are shorthand notations to perform arithmetic or other operations while assigning a value to a variable. For instance, the "=" operator assigns the value on the right-hand side to the variable on the left-hand side.

Additionally, there are compound assignment operators like +=, -= , *=, /=, and %= which combine arithmetic operations with assignment. For example, "$x += 5" is a shorthand for "$x = $x + 5", incrementing the value of $x by 5. Assignment operators offer a concise way to update variables based on their current values.

Assignment Operators List

The following table highlights the assignment operators that are supported by PHP −

Operator Description Example
= Simple assignment operator. Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand C = A + B will assign value of A + B into C
+= Add AND assignment operator. It adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left operand C += A is equivalent to C = C + A
-= Subtract AND assignment operator. It subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A
*= Multiply AND assignment operator. It multiplies right operand with the left operand and assign the result to left operand C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A
/= Divide AND assignment operator. It divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A
%= Modulus AND assignment operator. It takes modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A

Example

The following example shows how you can use these assignment operators in PHP −

<?php
   $a = 42;
   $b = 20;

   $c = $a + $b;
   echo "Addition Operation Result: $c \n";

   $c += $a;
   echo "Add AND Assignment Operation Result: $c \n";

   $c -= $a;
   echo "Subtract AND Assignment Operation Result: $c \n";

   $c *= $a;
   echo "Multiply AND Assignment Operation Result: $c \n";

   $c /= $a;
   echo "Division AND Assignment Operation Result: $c \n";

   $c %= $a;
   echo "Modulus AND Assignment Operation Result: $c";
?>

Output

It will produce the following outcome −

Addition Operation Result: 62 
Add AND Assignment Operation Result: 104 
Subtract AND Assignment Operation Result: 62 
Multiply AND Assignment Operation Result: 2604 
Division AND Assignment Operation Result: 62 
Modulus AND Assignment Operation Result: 20

Bitwise Assignment Operators

PHP also has bitwise assignment operators, which let you perform bitwise operations and store the result in the same variable. Please refer to the below table for the list of bitwise assignment operators −

Operator Description Example
= Simple assignment operator. Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand C = A + B will assign value of A + B into C
&= Bitwise AND assignment $a &= $b; // $a = $a & $b
|= Bitwise OR assignment $a |= $b; // $a = $a | $b
^= Bitwise XOR assignment $a ^= $b; // $a = $a ^ $b
<<= Left shift AND assignment $a <<= 2; // $a = $a << 2
>>= Right shift AND assignment $a >>= 2; // $a = $a >> 2

Use of Assignment Operators in Loops

Here is an example of how assignment operators are used in loops can help understand the practical uses −

<?php
   $num = 1;
   while ($num <= 10) {
      echo "$num ";
      // Increment by 2
      $num += 2; 
   }
?>

Output

This will generate the following result − 

1 3 5 7 9
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